研究生英语学术论文与写作课件Unit3冯

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1、学术论文写作Unit3.Abstract(4hs)1.DefinitionofAbstract(Whatisanabstract?)Anabstractisabriefandself-containedsummaryandanaccuraterepresentationofthecontentsofadocumentsuchasaresearchpaper,ajournalarticle,thesis,review,conferenceproceeding,andotheracademicdocuments.Thepurpo

2、seofanabstractistoprovideprospectivereaderstheopportunitytojudgetherelevanceofthelongerworkoftheirprojects.Inscientificwriting,theabstractisthecondensedversion,orthe"mini-version^ofthepape匚Sinceabstractsareincludedwithvariouskindsofscientificpublicationsorappearalo

3、neinallkindsofabstractingandindexingdatabases,theyshouldbeconstructedtomakesensebothwhenreadaloneandwhenreadwiththepaper.2.Whenareabstractsused?Youmaywriteabstractsforvariouspurposes・Therearemanyplaceswhereabstractsareused.Peoplewriteabstractswhen:Submittingpaperso

4、rarticlestojournalsApplyingforresearchgrantsCompletingthePh.DdissertationorM.A.thesisWritingaproposalforconferencepaperIndexingbibliographicallyaslibraryreferencetoolsWritingabookproposal.3・GeneralFunctionsofanAbstractThefunctionoftheabstractofascientificpaperistop

5、rovideanoverviewofthepapersothatreaderscanunderstandthemainideasandidentifythebasiccontentoftheworkwithoutreadingthepaperinitsentirety.Sincetheabstractistheonlypartoflargerworkmostreaderswillsee,itshouldpresentthecoreofthepaperalsofortherecordindatabasesandsecondar

6、ycollections.Anabstractmayservevariouspurposes.Therearetwomostimportantpurposesorfunctionstheabstractshouldserve:selectionandindexing.3.1.SelectionTheprimarypurposeofanabstractistofacilitateaselectionofdocuments.Abstractenablereaderswhomaybeinterestedinthelargerwor

7、ktoquicklydecidewhetheritisworththeirtimetoreadit・Readerscangraspthemainstoryandtheessentialpointsofthedocumentwithoutreadingthewholetextofthedocument.Intodaysoverabundanceofinformation,theabstracthelpsreadersmakeanunformedjudgmentaboutwhetherthedocumentwouldberele

8、vanttotheirresearchinterestsandworthwhiletoread.Abstractsthus,togetherwithindex,speeduptheprocessofselectionandsavetime.32IndexingBesidesselectio