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ID:42811797
大小:127.00 KB
页数:11页
时间:2019-09-21
《Principles+of+Economics+7th+Edition+Mankiw-Solution+Manual Chapter 11》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、Chapter11/PublicGoodsandCommonResources❖20711r11PUBLICGOODSANDCOMMONRESOURCESWHAT’SNEWINTHESEVENTHEDITION:Therearenomajorchangestothischapter.LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:Bytheendofthischapter,studentsshouldunderstand:Øthedefiningcharacteristicsofpublicgoodsandcommonresources.Øwhyprivatemarketsfailtoprovide
2、publicgoods.Øsomeoftheimportantpublicgoodsinoureconomy.Øwhythecost–benefitanalysisofpublicgoodsisbothnecessaryanddifficult.Øwhypeopletendtousecommonresourcestoomuch.Øsomeoftheimportantcommonresourcesinoureconomy.CONTEXTANDPURPOSE:Chapter11isthesecondchapterinathree-chaptersequenceontheeconomicsoft
3、hepublicsector.Chapter10addressedexternalities.Chapter11addressespublicgoodsandcommonresources—goodsforwhichitisdifficulttochargepricestousers.Chapter12willaddressthetaxsystem.ThepurposeofChapter11istoaddressagroupofgoodsthatarefreetotheconsumer.Whengoodsarefree,marketforcesthatnormallyallocateres
4、ourcesareabsent.Therefore,freegoods,suchasplaygroundsandpublicparks,maynotbeproducedandconsumedintheproperamounts.Governmentcanpotentiallyremedythismarketfailureandimproveeconomicwell-being.KEYPOINTS:·Goodsdifferinwhethertheyareexcludableandwhethertheyarerivalinconsumption.Agoodisexcludableifitisp
5、ossibletopreventsomeonefromusingit.Agoodisrivalinconsumptionifoneperson’suseofthegoodreducesother’sabilitytousethesameunitofthegood.Marketsworkbestforprivategoods,whicharebothexcludableandrivalinconsumption.Marketsdonotworkaswellforothertypesofgoods.©2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbes
6、canned,copiedorduplicated,orpostedtoapubliclyaccessiblewebsite,inwholeorinpart.Chapter11/PublicGoodsandCommonResources❖207·Publicgoodsareneitherrivalinconsumptionnorexcludable.Examplesofpublicgoodsincludefireworksdisplays,nationaldefense,andthecreationoffundamentalknowledge.Becausepeoplearenotchar
7、gedfortheiruseofthepublicgood,theyhaveanincentivetofreeride,makingprivateprovisionofthegooduntenable.Therefore,governmentsprovidepublicgoods,basingtheirdecisionaboutthequantityofeachgoodoncost–benefitanalysis.·Co
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