英文科技文献阅读及写作

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1、AcademicWriting:PhDChapterSixProcessandTechniquesofAcademicWritingCoherencedetermineswhetherapapermakessense.Thewritermustmakesurethathis/hersentencesandparagraphsarelogicallycoherentandpresentedsoastomakehis/herthoughtsandlanguageacceptableandidentifiabletohis/herread

2、ers.Herearesomeofthewaysofachievingcoherence.IOrganizingInformationandArgumentsLogicallyAcoherentparagraphismadeupofaseriesofpointsthatleadlogicallyfromonetothenextandthatallcontributetothetopicsentence.Comparethefollowingtwoparagraphsandmakecommentsonthem.Whichoneisco

3、herentandwhichoneisnot?Why?Inmyopinion,mostAmericansareweightconscious,becausetheyareveryconcernedwiththesizeandshapeofbodies.Iftheyarenot,thenthereareendlessremediessuchasfaddiets,dietpills,andhealthspastohelpthemlosetheextraweight.Theylikesportsandtravel.Theyalsolike

4、movingfromoneplacetoanother.Ibelievethateventhoughpeoplelookandfeelhealthy,fashioninsiststhattheybeeventhinnerandmorewell-proportionedthantheyalreadyare.ItisnotatallsurprisingthatAmericansspendmillionsofdollarseachyearontheirremediestoachievetheirgoal.Inmyopinion,mostA

5、mericansareweightconscious.Thustheyareveryconcernedwiththesizeandshapeofbodies.Ibelievethateventhoughpeoplelookandfeelhealthy,fashioninsiststhattheybeeventhinnerandmorewell-proportionedthantheyalreadyare.Iftheyarenot,thenthereareendlessremediessuchasfaddiets,dietpills,

6、andhealthspastohelpthemlosetheextraweight.Onthewhole,itisnotatallsurprisingthatAmericansspendmillionsofdollarseachyearontheirremediestoachievetheirgoal.Logicalorganizationisessentialfordevelopingadiscoursecoherently.Inthefollowingexample,theauthorbeginswithaproblemstat

7、ement(containmentsiteconditionsandhigh-waterflowrates)inthefirstparagraph.Thenexttwoparagraphspresentdatatosupporthishypothesis,andthefinalparagraphoffersaseriesofcounter-proposals:Whileseveralproposalshaveindicatedthatacontainmentpondabovetheproposedbridgewouldelimina

8、tethepotentialforstructuraldamageduringhigh-waterconditions,boththesocialcharacteristicsaroundthecontainmentsiteandth