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1、一、阅读理解Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedstillswimaswellaseversince•Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandh
2、itaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins11Twinkle,twinkle,丄ittiestar11frememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearne
3、dsomething,additionallearningtrials(^iS)increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.WecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchasnTwinkle,twinkle,lit
4、tiestarnandchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn•Themultiplicationtables(乘》去口诀表)ereanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.one1sfuturedevelo
5、pment•Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?A.Cramming.B.C•Overlearning•Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A・B・C・D.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突击学习)foranexamination,thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse•Bycramming,astud
6、entmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned•Alittleoverlearning,ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryfor1>RevisionofKnowledge•2、inchildhood.D•PracticeMakesPerfect•PeoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedChildrenhaveabet
7、termemorythangrown-ups.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords•Storiesforchildrenarceasytoremember•3、4、Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby•A.presentingresearchfindingsB.settingdowngeneralrulesC•makingacomparisonD•usingexamplesAccordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplica
8、tiontublesis•A・B・C・D・aaaa5、A.B・C・D・WhatItIt'It1Itresultofoverlearningspecialcaseofcrammingskilltodealwithmathproblems