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1、高中英语语法之定语从句一.定语从句及相关术语：1•定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词；关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as等关系副词有:where,when,why等关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)Yesterday
2、Ihelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在从句中做宾语，常可省略(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.(2)Mr.Liuisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.3.which指物，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys・(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于whic
3、h,在从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时可省略(1)Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(2)Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用一下结构代替：Doyoulikethebookwhosecove
4、risyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookofwhichthecoverisyellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous・=Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous・(2)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)yo
5、uaskedfor.=TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.*注意：1•含有介词的动词一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等(1)Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(对)(2)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlookingfor.(错)2•若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that；指物时用which,不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1)Themanwit
6、hwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(2)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.3•介词+关系代词前可有some,any,none,both,albneither,most,each,few等代词或数词(1)Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.(2)Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.(3)Therearefortystudentsinourc
7、lassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities・区另ij：Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,andmostofthemarefrombigcities.一.关系副词引导的定语从句1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1)1stillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichIfirstcametoschool.区别:Istillremembertheday(that/which)wespenttogether(2)Iwon'tforgetthedayswhen/duringw
8、hichweworkedtogether.2.where指地点，在
