语言学复习资料PPT绝对有用

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1、IntroductiontoLinguistics语言学概论CourseEvaluationClassattendanceandperformance10%Homework30%FinalExam60%Week1-16Linguistics:theoretical/applied4教材及参考书目戴炜栋、何兆熊等《简明英语语言学教程》（修订版），上海外语教育出版社，1989丁言仁《英语语言学纲要》，上海外语教育出版社，2001胡壮麟《语言学教程》（修订版）2001R.EllisTheStudyofSecondLanguageAcquisition(第二语言习得研究)，上海外

2、语教育出版社，1999ChapterOneIntroduction6Whystudylanguage?Whatislanguage?DesignfeaturesoflanguageFunctionsoflanguageWhatislinguistics?MainbranchesoflinguisticsMacrolinguisticsImportantdistinctionsinlinguisticsLinguistics7Whatdoes“language”mean?1.Heusesverybadlanguage.Heisverygoodatlanguage.2.Sha

3、kespeare’slanguage;60’slanguage;oldman’slanguage3.formallanguage,scientificlanguage,writtenorspokenlanguage4.theEnglish/French/Chineselanguage5.Hestudieslanguage.81.1SomemythsaboutlanguageLanguageisonlyameansofcommunication.Languagehasaform-meaningcorrespondence.Thefunctionoflanguageistoe

4、xchangeinformation.EnglishismoredifficulttolearnthanChinese.BlackEnglishisnotstandardandshouldbereformed.91.2SomefundamentalviewsaboutLChildrenlearntheirnativelanguageswiftly,efficientlyandwithoutinstruction.Languageoperatesbyrules.Alllanguageshavethreemajorcomponents:asoundsystem,asystem

5、oflexicogrammarandasystemofsemantics.Languageslowlychanges.10Speakersofalllanguagesemployarangeofstylesandasetofjargons.Languagesareintimatelyrelatedtothesocietiesandindividualswhousethem.112.WhatisLanguage?(p.7)12“Languageisapurelyhumanandnon-instinctivemethodofcommunicatingideas,emotion

6、sanddesiresbymeansofvoluntarilyproducedsymbols.”--EdwardSapir(1884-1939):Language:AnIntroductiontotheStudyofSpeech(1921)13Languageis“theinstitutionwherebyhumanscommunicateandinteractwitheachotherbymeansofhabituallyusedoral-auditoryarbitrarysymbols.”--RobertA.Hall(1911-1997):IntroductoryLi

7、nguistics(1964)14“FromnowonIwillconsiderlanguagetobeaset(finiteorinfinite)ofsentences,eachfiniteinlengthandconstructedoutofafinitesetofelements.”--NoamChomsky(1928-):SyntacticStructures(1957)15“Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.”--Ron