语法难点评讲虚拟语气

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1、语法难点评讲---虚拟语气非真实条件从句中的虚拟语气应用外语系廖芳SubjunctiveMoodBriefIntroduction:虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假想和建议等;或者表示所说的话与事实相反或实现可能性很小。Examples:Weonlywishwecouldhelp.Iftherewerenogravity,weshouldnotbeabletowalk.Hesuggeststhatwe(should)allgotoseethefilm.虚拟语气在非真实条件从句中的用法注意！条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所说的话是可能发生或实现的。句中的从句

2、与主句皆用直陈语气。而非真实条件从句所说的话是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，条件从句与结果主句都要用虚拟语气真实条件从句：IwillgotostudyabroadifIamofferedascholarship.Oureyesfeeltiredifwekeepwatching.非真实条件从句：IfIhadMary’saddress,Iwouldwritetoher.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudymuchharder.图示非真实条件从句中的虚拟语气条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反If+主语+过去式主语+would/should+动词原形与过去事实相反If+主语+过去完成式主

3、语+would/should+现在完成式与将来事实相反If+主语+should/wereto+动词原形主语+would/should+动词原形细说…1、如果没有水，地球上就不会有生命。与现在情况相反Iftherewerenowater,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.2、如果你接受了我的建议，你就不会犯这样的错误。与过去情况相反Youwouldnothavemadesuchamistakeifyouhadtakenmyadvice.3、如果明天下雨的话，我们就不出去。对将来情况的假设Ifitshould/weretoraintomorrowwewouldst

4、ayathome.MoreExamples:Ifhe______herenow,hewouldnotlethergo.A.haveB.beC.wereD.willbeC2.He_____earlyifhemightcome.WouldhavedoneB.wouldcomeC.CameD.comesB3.Ifhe_____illandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhaveMadegreaterprogress.A.WerenotillB.hadnotbeenC.WouldnotD.wasnotB4.Ifhe_______tomorrow,Ishouldgivehim

5、thedictionaryheneeds.comesB.shouldcomeC.WouldcomeD.willcomeB__________Iyou,Iwoulddomorepracticeafterclass.A.wasB.amC.beD.were2.Shouldthejobbetoodifficult,you_____forhelp.A.canaskB.askC.willaskD.couldaskTips:如果条件从句中的谓语动词为were或含有助动词had，should时，可将连词省略，而把were，had，或should移到主语之前。Moreexamples:3.______

6、_today,hewouldgetthereFriday.A.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheisleaving4.Hadelectroniccomputersnotbeeninvented,manyproblemsofspaceflight__________.A.CouldnothavebeensolvedB.CouldnotbesolvedC.CannothavesolvedD.CouldnothavesolvedDDCA________yourassistance,wemightfinishtheplanearlier

7、.A.IfB.WithC.WithoutD.Under2.Butfortheircommonefforts,they_______somuchintheirresearch.A.CouldnothaveachievedB.cannothaveachievedC.CannotachievD.didnotachieveTips:有时虚拟语气不用条件从句而用介词，如without，butfor，butthat(=IF…HADNOT)等引起的短语或由连词but，s