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1、棉田套播油菜产量表现及高产栽培技术摘要:以常规油菜(BrassicanapusL.)华双5号为材料,调查分析了棉田套播油菜的产量表现和产量差异原因,研究了播期和密度对棉田套播油菜产量及构成因素的影响。结果表明,①棉田套播油菜产量主要分布在3000〜3750kg/hm2,种植密度和有效角果数是影响产量的关键因素。②播期和密度对产量构成因素有明显影响,播期推迟,密度增加,单株有效角果数、每角粒数均表现明显减少;播期和密度对千粒重影响较小。③播期、密度及其互作对产量影响显著,播期推迟,油菜产量降低,不同播期要求最适播种密度不同。关键词:油菜(Brassi
2、canapusL.);棉田套播;产量差异;播期;密度中图分类号:S634.3文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)17-3681-04StudyontheYieldPerformanceofRapeseedUnder-sowedinCottonFieldandtheHighYieldCultivationTechnologyMEIShao—hua1,2,YINShao—hua1,XIONGFei1,TAOYu—chi2,MEIJin—an2,FANDuan—yang2,XIAQi—xini,2,LIUWen—ge2,XIAOQi-s
3、heng3(1.HuanggangTrialStation,TheIndustryTechnologySystemofRapeseedinChina,Huanggang438000,Hubei,China;2.WuxueBureauofAgricu1ture,Wuxue435400,Hubei,China;3.MachengSeedCompany,Macheng438300,Hubei,China)Abstract:UsingnormalrapeseedHuashuangNo.5asmateria1,theyieldperformanceofrap
4、eseedunder—sowedincottonfieldandthereasonfortheyielddifferenceswereinvestigatedfocusingontheimpactofsowingdateanddensityonrapeseedyie1daswellasitscontributingfactors・Theresu1tshowedthattheyieldofrapeseedundersowedincottonfieldr/angedfrom3000to3750kghm2・Sowingdensityandnumberof
5、effectivepodswerethekeyfactorsinfluencingtheyield・Sowingdateands0wingdensityhadevidentinfluencesontheyieldcontributingfactors,aseffect1vepodsnumberperplantandseedsnumberperpoddecreasedobvious1ywiththede1ayofsowingdateorincreas■1ngofdensity・However,theeffectofsowingdateandsowin
6、gdensityonkernelweightwassma11・Theeffectofs0wingdate,sowingdensityandtheirinteractionontheyie1dwassignificant・They■1e1dwoulddecreasewhensowingdatewasdelayed・Theappropriatedensitydifferedwiththedifferenceofsowingdate・Keywords:rapeseed(BrassicanapusL・);under—sowedincottonfield;y
7、ielddifference;sowingdate;sowingdensity武穴市是湖北省重要的油菜(BrassicanapusL.)和棉花生产基地,沿江棉产区油菜和棉花双熟栽培生产季节紧,油棉双套种植制度充分利用了土地和温光资源,解决了油棉争地矛盾。但棉田套播油菜用工量大,实际应用比例逐年下降。棉田套播油菜可缓解茬口矛盾,提高复种指数,节本增效明显,已有相关研究报道[1,2]。然而在大面积生产条件下,农户间、地块间棉田套播油菜产量差异较大,不利于提高油菜生产的总体水平,且当前高产栽培条件下针对棉田套播油菜高产栽培的研究较少。为此,通过调查分析棉
8、田套播油菜的产量表现及产量差异原因,达到缩小产量差异、提高产量稳定性和平衡增产的目的。同时进行了播期、密度组合试验,初步探