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1、Daneill20102010届高考英语（任务型阅读）题库（一）Atthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury,manypeoplethoughtthattheAmericanfamilywasfallingapart.Acenturylater,weknowthatthiswasnotthecase.However,althoughthefamilyisstillaliveintheUnitedStates,itssizeandshapewereverydifferent100yearsago.Inthelate180
2、0sandearly1900s,thereweremainlytwotypesoffamiliesintheUnitedStates:theextendedandthenuclear.Theextendedfamilyusuallyincludesgrandparents,parents,andchildrenlivingunderthesameroof.Thenuclearfamilyconsistsofonlyparentsandchildren.Todaytherearemanydifferentkindsoffamilies.Somep
3、eoplelivein“traditional”families,thatis,astay-homemother,aworkingfather,andtheirownbiologicalchildren.Othersliveintwo-paycheckfamilies,single-parentfamilies,adoptiveorfoster,families,blendedfamilies(wheremenandwomenwhoweremarriedbeforemarryagainandcombinethechildrenfromprevi
4、ousmarriagesintothenewfamilies），childlessfamilies,andsoon.Whatcausedthestructureofthefamilytochange?Intheearly1900sthebirthratebegantofallandthedivorceratebegantorise.Womenweresuddenlychoosingtogotocollegeandtakejobsoutsidethehome.Inthe1930sand1940s,manyfamiliesfacedseriousf
5、inancial,ormoneyproblemsduringtheGreatDepression,whenmanypeoplelosttheirjobs.DuringWorldWarII（1939-1945)，5millionwomenwereleftalonetotakecareoftheirhomesandtheirchildren.Becausemanymenwereatwar,thousandsofthese"warwidows"hadtogotoworkoutsidetheirhome.Duringthenexttenyears,th
6、esituationchanged.Therewerefewerdivorces,andpeoplemarriedatayoungerageandhadmorechildrenthanthepreviousgeneration.Itwasunusualforamothertoworkoutsidethehomeduringtheyearswhenherchildrenweregrowingtip.Familiesbeganleavingcitiesandmovingintosingle-familyhomesinthesuburbs.Thetr
7、aditionalfamilyseemedtobereturning.Intheyearsbetween1960sand1990s,thereweremanyimportantchangesinthestructureofthefamily.Fromthe1960stotheearly1970s,thedivorceratedoubledandthebirthratefellbyhalf.Thenumberofsingle-parentfamiliestripled,andthenumberofcoupleslivingtogetherwith
8、outbeingmarrieddoubledagain.Infact,thesingle-parenthousehold,onceunusual,ha
