1、1、be动词:am、is、are。am用于I,are用于you,we,they和名词复数;is用于he,she,it和名词单数(统称为'三单',即第三人称单数)。2、助动词,主要分为do和does。do用于主语为'非三单'(I,you,复数);does用于主语为'三单'(he,she,it,名词单数)助动词用于“否定句和疑问句”,后面一律加“动词原形”。例:(1)I like apples.否定句: I don't like apples.一般疑问句:Do you like apples?肯定回答:Yes,Ido.否定回答:No,Idon`t.(2
2、)He reads books on Sundays.否定句:He doesn't read books on Sundays.一般疑问句:Does he read books on Sundays?肯定回答:Yes,he does.否定回答:No,he doesn't.3、主语为'非三单'时,动词用原形;主语为'三单'时,动词后面加-s或-es。4、名词单数变复数规则变化的规律(1)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词,加-es。如bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches(2)以o结尾,有的单词加-es
4、e(2)单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese,people(3)其他:child-children,mouse-mice5、many+可数名词复数,much+不可数名词some、any后面既可以加可数名词复数,也可以加不可数名词some用于肯定句和表示请求及建议的一般疑问句(Would you like/ Can(May/Could) I ...?)例如:(1)I'd like some apples.(2)There is some water in the glass.(3)Would you like some tea?
5、May I have somenoodles?any用于否定句和疑问句例如:(1)Idon’thaveanynotebooks.(2)Idon’thaveanysoupforlunch.(3)Doyouhaveanysisters?IsthereanyCoke?1、形容词前面必须用be动词。例:He is my music teacher.Lucy is polite.2、情态动词:can,could,may,would,should,have to,has to,后面必须加动词原形。例如:Icanswim.Ihavetoeatvegetables
6、.祈使句用动词原形。表示请求、命令等句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you),一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。如:Let's go to school.Open the door,please.3、冠词a、an、the不定冠词(a、an),表示泛指,a+辅音,如ayoungman,auniversitystudentan+元音,如ane-mail,anactivegirl,aninterestingbook定冠词(the),表示特指、世界上独一无二的东西,如thesun,theGreatWall(注:therebe不与the连接)4、时间介词