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1、中国农业科学2008,41(11):3511-3520ScientiaAgriculturaSinica亚洲大豆栽培品种遗传多样性、特异性和群体分化研究张军I,赵团结I,盖钧镒'I南京农•业人学大豆研究所/国家大豆改艮中心/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室，南京210095；2滨州职业学院，山东滨州256603)摘要：【目的】研究亚洲大豆栽培品种地理群体的遗传多样性、特异性和群体分化。【方法】应用大豆基因组64对SSR分子标记技术，对亚洲216份栽培大豆品种遗传变异进行分析。【结果】亚洲大豆栽培品种遗传多样性丰富，地理群体(中国东北、中国黄淮、中国南方、
2、朝鲜半岛、东南亚、南亚)间存在较多互补等位变异数，最多的在中国黄淮与南亚群体间；各地理群体拥有各自特有或特缺的等位变异。亚洲大豆全群SSR标记遗传距离聚类(聚成6类)与地理群体分类间有极显著相关性，地理分群有其相应的遗传基础。亚洲全群由2类血缘组成，分别占中国国内和国外2大类群的绝大部分；地理群体间2类血缘组成的差异明显。国内与国外各群体间以中国南方与东南亚群体间分化最小；国外群以东南亚与朝鲜半岛群体间分化最小；国内群以中国黄淮与中国南方群体分化最小。【结论】亚洲大豆栽培品种地理群体间具有位点和等位变异的特异性，各群体间可以相互补充的位点及其等位变异甚丰
3、富，利用国外栽培品种可以拓宽中国品种的遗传基础。关键词：亚洲；大豆栽培品种；遗传多样性；遗传特异性；互补等位变异；群体分化GeneticDiversity,SpecificityandPopulationDifferentiationofSoybeanCultivarsinAsiaZHANGJun1'2,ZHAOTuan-jic1,GAIJun-yi1SoybeanResearchInstituteofNanjingAgriculturalUniversity/NationalCenterforSoybeanImprovement/NationalKey
4、LaboratoryforCropGeneticsandGermplasmEnhancement,Nanjing210095;2BinzhouVocationalCollege,Binzhou256603,Shandong)Abstract：【Objective]Thepresentstudywasaimedtorevealthegeneticdiversity,specificityandpopulationdifferentiationofsoybeancultivarsinAsia.【Method]Atotalof64simplesequencer
5、epeat(SSR)markersscatteredonthegenomewereusedtoanalyzethegeneticvariationof216soybeancultivarssampledfromAsia.[Result]TherewasaplentyofgeneticdiversityinpopulationsofsoybeancultivarsinAsiaaswellasaplentyofcomplementaryallelesamonggeographicpopulations(NortheastChina,China?sHuangh
6、uaiRegion,SouthernChina,KoreanPeninsula,SoutheastAsiaandSouthAsia),especiallybetweenChina'sHuanghuaiandSouthAsiapopulation.Uniqueanddeficientallelesineachgeographicpopulationweredetected.Asignificantassociationshowedbetweentheclassificationofgeographiccultivarpopulationsandcluste
7、redcultivarpopulations,indicatingthesoundgeneticbasesofgeographicclassificationofthesoybeancultivars.Accordingtothemodel-basedclusteringmethodforusingmulti-locusdatatoinferpopulationstructureandassigncultivarstopopulations(structureanalysis),twoancestrysourcesinAsiaweredetected,w
8、ithonecomposingthemostpartofChineseculti
