重大版必修4Unit1Language points

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1、1.Haveyoueverseengrassgrowinghighasatree—evenatalltree?你曾见过哪种草长得和大树一样高吗？growinghighasatree是现在分词后置作定语，与其修饰的名词之间存在主动关系（主谓关系）或表达进行意义，此句中growinghighasatree是现在分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句whichgrowshighasatree。Thetaxitaking(=whichtook)ustotheairortbrokedown．载我们去机场的出租车抛锚了。Canyouthinkof

2、thenameofaflowerbeginning(=whichbegins)with“t”？你能想到“t”开头的花名吗？【扩展】V-ed，todo也能作后置定语，但意义有所不同：1)V-ed作后置定语，强调与其修饰的名词之间存在的被动关系（动宾关系）或表达完成意义。Theexperiencegained(whichhasbeengained)willbeofgreatvalueforus.获得的经验会对我们有很大的价值。Someofthepeopleinvited(whohavebeeninvited)tothepartyc

3、an’tcome.有些受到邀请的人没有来参加聚会。2)todo作后置定语，侧重表达不定式的动作稍后发生。Therearemanytreestoplant.有许多树要种。Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?你想吃点什么吗？2.Itgrowsupstraightandthin，withbranchesatthetop．它笔直修长，顶端长着枝叶。(1)growup1)（指人或动物）长大、成年、成熟She’sgrowingupquickly.她长得很快。Thetreeplantedbythepresidenthasg

4、rownup．总统阁下植下的树已经长大了。2)发展Aclosefriendshipgraduallygrewupbetweenthem.他们之间的友谊日益亲密。【辨析】growup/growuptobe/growinto/growfrom①growup（指人或动物）长大、成年、成熟Heturnedwriterwhenhegrewup.长大后他成为了一名律师。②growuptobe长成Thesmalltreehasgrownuptobeabigtree.小树苗已长成了参天大树。Thelittleboyhasgrownuptobe

5、ayoungfellow.小男孩已长成了小伙子。(2)growinto渐淅成为／变得；长大得以适合于（衣服）；变得习惯于（新工作、角色或活动）She'sgrowingintoabeautifulyoungwoman.她已渐渐出落成美丽的姑娘。Thecoatistoobigforhimnow,buthewillgrowintoit.这上衣他现在穿还太大，等他再大些再穿就合适了。(3)growfrom...生长；发育（尤指成熟或成年）．Plantsgrowfromseeds.植物是由种子发育而成的。1)straightandthi

6、n形容词短语作状语。Nowshewasback，eagertoseeherfriends.现在她回来了，急盼看到她的朋友。Theboynodded，paleandscared.男孩点点头，脸色苍白又十分惊恐。2)withbranchesatthetopwith的复合结构作状语。with复合结构的形式为：①with+n.+adj.Helayinbed，withhiseyeswideopen.他躺在床上，眼睛睁得大大的。②with+n.+adv.Hefellasleepwiththelighton.灯还开着他就睡着了。③with+

7、n.+prep.phraseHiswifecamedownthestairs,withherbabyinherarms.他妻子抱着宝宝走下楼来。④with+n.+现在分词Thedaywaslight，withafreshbreezeblowing.天气晴朗，吹着一股清风。⑤with+n.+不定式Withsomuchworktodo，Ican'tgotothemovie,有这么多事要做，我不能去看电影。⑥with+n.+过去分词Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.整个下午他锁着门在室

8、内工作。3.Ithaslongleavesthatswayinthewindlikeslimfingersreaclungtotouchsomething.长长的竹叶在风中摇摆，就好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么。(1)此句中thatswayinthewindlike...为定语