高中定语从句详细讲解随堂巩固巩固训练

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1、导入：YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.一.几个基本概念(1)定语从句：在主从复合句屮用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。(2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个

2、词，短语，或整个主句。(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词的作用：1)引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2)必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语)常用的关系代词：that、whichswho>whom、whose>as常用的关系副词(在从句屮只作状语)：when、why、where女II:做上语Thetreeswhichareontheschoolcampushavelosttheirleaves・ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.彳故宾语Thestud

3、entwhomwesawjustnowisthebestrunnerinourschool.Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrothe匚做表语Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.做定语ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan"remembe匚Fdlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.做状语TheschoolwherehestudiedisinShenzhen.Iknowthereasonwhyhewassoangiy・定语从句三步：第

4、一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语)；笫三选择合适的关系词。二•定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的基本用法。几个关系代词的基本用法：•that:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which"—般不用于非限制性定语从彳U;不可置于介词后作宾语)如：1.Aletterthat/whichiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.(主语)2.Doyouknowthegentlemanthat/whospokejustnow?3.Youcantakeany

5、thing(that)youlike・(宾l吾)4.Whatisthequestion(that/which)theyaretalkingabout?5.Hereistheman(who/whom/that)youwanttosee・2.Shesnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobebefore・(表语)7・Ourhometownisnolongertheone(that)itusedtobe.=Ourhometownisnotthesameasitusedtobe.=Ourhometownisdifferentfromwhatitu

6、sedtobe。=Ourhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.随堂检测：()1・YoumustdoeverythingIhavetoldyouto.A)whichB)thatC)whenD)how()2.Youcandependonwhateverpromisehemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose•which:指物；在定语从句屮作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：1.Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfathe匚(主l吾)2.Thebook(which/that)Ibought

7、yesterdayisveryinteresting.(宾ift)3・Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisfarfromhere.4.Hewasproud,whichhisbrotherneverwas・(表语)5.Tomspentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehelearnedFrench・(定语)6.Hemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforhim.注意vhich/that指物，指代先行词R在定语从句中作主语或宾语(动宾或介宾)。①当作动宾吋，关系代词可

8、省略。②当作介宾时：介词不提前时，关系