名词性从句whether与if

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1、名词性从句名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why1。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略2。不充当介宾3。引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略。辨别下列名词性从句的类别：1.Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.2.Johnsaidthathe

2、wasleavingforLondononWednesday.3.Thefactisthathehasnotbeenseenrecently.4.Thefactthathehasnotbeenseenrecentlydisturbseveryoneinhisoffice.5.HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawinU.S.6.ItisimpossiblethatIgoandattendthemeeting.主语宾语表语同位语宾语主语That/wh-clause+v+…主语从句S+be/link.v+that/wh-clause表语从句S+vt+that/wh-c

3、lause宾语从句S+vi+prep+wh-clause宾语从句that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下搭配关系：a.It+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessary/important/obvious/certain…that…b.It+be+名词+that-从句Itisapity/ashame/nowonder…that…c.It+be+-ed分词+that-从

4、句Itisbelieved/reported/saidthat…Itisknowntoallthat…d.It+不及物动词+that-分句Itappears/seemthat…Ithappensthat…Itoccurredtomethatwhether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if所取代：主语从句Whetherhewillcomeisunknown.2.表语从句，如：Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.3.同位语从句，如：Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisn

5、otdecided.4.从句作介词的宾语，如：I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’llgoornot.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.直接跟不定式连用，如：Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow__________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itd

6、ependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherIf同位语从句定语从句that（连词）只起连接的作用,不充当句子成分that(关系代词)充当一定的句子成分(主，宾，表）同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，表示这个名词的内容定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，表示“…的”。同位语从句的that一般不能省而定语从句中的关系代词th

7、at，当其在从句中做宾语时，常常可以省略that在同位语从句与定语从句的区别（I）试比较下面两个例句:1.Thesuggestionthatheraisedatthemeetingisverygood.2.Thesuggestionthatthestudentsshouldhaveplentyofexerciseisverygood.（that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略）（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位