工作流系统基础读物

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1、HEWLETTPACKARDWorkflowSystems·AnIntroductionandFrameworkSimonLoveInformationManagementLaboratoryHPLaboratoriesBristolHPL-90-179September,1990workflow;procedureThisdocumentintroducesWorkflowSystemsandautomation;officeexplainstheroletheyplayaspartofanorgani•procedure

2、s;procedurezation'sinformationinfrastructure.Aframe•processingworkisdescribedthatcanbeusedtocontrastdif•ferentapproachestoworkflow.Weoutlinesomecharacteristicsthatdistinguishtheapproachestakenbydifferentsystems.Thisdocumentisin•tendedtohelpbuildavisionforworkflowsy

3、s•tems,andtosuggestsomechallengesthatthenextgenerationofworkflowsystemsshouldtackle.InternalAccessionDateOnly(e)CopyrightHewlett-PackardCompany1990Contents1TheRoleofWorkflow22AFrameworkforWorkflowSystems32.1Work..32.2Workers42.3Routing42.4MonitoringandControl53Syst

4、emCharacteristics64SomeReservationsaboutCurrentApproaches75Workflow-theNextGeneration7AComparisonwithDataflow9BReferences911TheRoleofWorkflowOfficesoftware(onPCs)tendstoconsistofpersonalproductivitytoolsthataredesignedtoimproveanindividual'sproductivityforparticula

5、rtasks.However,thesetasksaregenerallypartofprocessesthatinvolvegroupsofindividuals,manyofwhomexpendasignificantamountofefforttoco-ordinatetheseprocesses[1].WorkflowSystemsofferacomplementary,holisticapproachthatfocusesontheneedsoftheorganizationratherthanthoseofind

6、ividuals.Theysupportproceduresthatrequiretheco-operationofworkerstoperformrelatedtasks.Theiremphasisisontheproceduresratherthantheconstituenttasks.WorkflowSystemssupportco-operationbetweenindividualswhenthatco-operationcanbeformalized.Theydonotsupportinformalco-ope

7、rationbetweenindividuals,suchasincollaboratingonascript.Mostknowledgeworkisperformedinoffices-whichcanbethoughtofasplaceswheregroupsofpeopleco-operatetoperformspecificfunctionsorprocedures.FromthisperspectiveitisclearthatWorkflowSystemsshouldplayamajorroleintheoffi

8、ce.ArecentreviewofComputerSupportedCooperativeWork[2]categorizesWorkflowSystemsasOfficeAutoma•tionProcedures.However,WorkflowSystemscanbeappliedt