GB-T4960.5-1996核科学技术术语辐射防护与辐射源安全

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1、ICS27.120F04(G8中华人民共和国国家标准Gs/T4960.5一1996核科学技术术语辐射防护与辐射源安全Glossaryofterms:NuclearscienceandtechnologyRadiationprotectionandsafetyofradiationsources1996一03一31发布1996一10一01实施国家‘技术监督局发布目次1主题内容与适用范围·············································“··”···················”········

2、·⋯⋯12一般术语···，.·····················································································⋯⋯13辐射与源············，.····”···············，··················································，:24辐射量和单位”················，.·················································

3、···············⋯⋯45实践的辐射防护·”·····································”···“········“·····················”····⋯⋯116源的安全·.......................................,.......................·一“·“·········”············⋯⋯.147干预的辐射防护····················································

4、··························⋯⋯.168辐射防护设备与方法··························”·······”·····················“···················⋯⋯189辐射监测·····”·····························“····.·””·”·····························”············一2010辐射生物效应与职业保健服务···························“··········

5、·······”······⋯⋯.‘二’·‘二2311防护与安全管理··················“·································*.···················”⋯26附录AICRP-26号报告所定义的、目前仍在使用的一些剂量学量(补充件).·········”····”···⋯⋯29附录B中文索引(补充件)··················，.···········“···”········，.·······“·“·”··”·’·‘·’·’·’30附录C英文索引(补充件)...

6、....................................................................................37中华人民共和国国家标准核科学技术术语GB/T49605一1996辐射防护与辐射源安全Glossaryofterms:NuclearscienceandtechnologyRadiationprotectionandsafetyofradiationsources1主肠内容与适用范围本标准规定了电离辐射防护与辐射源安全领域中常用的基本术语及其定义。本标准适用于涉及电离

7、辐射与辐射源安全的一切领域。2一般术语2.1放射性radioactivity某些核素自发地放出粒子或7射线，或在发生轨道电子俘获之后放出X射线，或发生自发裂变的性质.2.2放射性衰变radioactivedecay一种自发的核跃迁过程。在这种过程中放出粒子或Y射线，或发生轨道电子俘获并随后放出X射线，或发生自发核裂变。2.3放射性半衰期T=zradioactivehalf-life放射性核素由于放射性衰变使其活度衰减到一半时所经过的时间。2.4衰变链decaychain放射链radioactivechain指这样的核系列，其中的每一个

8、核通过放射性衰变(不包括自发裂变)而转变成下一个核，直到形成一个稳定的核为止。2.5放射性核素radionuclide具有放射性的核素。2.6宇生放射性核素cosmogenicradionuclide由宇宙射线与大气中的