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1、HumNatDOI10.1007/s12110-008-9030-8AncestralMechanismsinModernEnvironmentsImpactofCompetitionandStressorsonBodyImageandDietingBehaviorCatherineSalmon&CharlesCrawford&LauraDane&OonaghZuberbier#SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC2008AbstractItiscommonlyassumedthatthedesirefora
2、thinfemalephysiqueanditspathologicalexpressionineatingdisordersresultfromasocialpressureforthinness.However,suchwidespreadbehaviormaybebetterunderstoodnotmerelyastheresultofarbitrarysocialpressure,butasanexaggeratedexpressionofbehaviorthatmayhaveoncebeenadaptive.Thereprod
3、uctivesuppressionhypothesissuggeststhatnaturalselectionshapedamechanismforadjustingfemalereproductiontosocio-ecologicalconditionsbyalteringtheamountofbodyfat.InmodernWesternculture,socialandecologicalcues,whichwouldhavesignaledtheneedfortemporarypostponementofreproduction
4、inancestralenvironments,maynowbeexperiencedtoanunprecedentedintensityandduration.KeywordsAdaptation.Anorexicbehavior.Eatingdisorders.Environment.ReproductivesuppressionAcompellingpuzzleofourtimesisthedisturbingpreoccupationofwomenwithbodyimageanddieting.Whydosomanywomenin
5、NorthAmericaplacesuchanemphasisonbeingthin?Whydothesedesiresleadtoeatingdisordersinsomewomen?Manyexplanationsforanorexicbehaviorhavebeenputforward.However,muchrecentresearchinthisareahasfocusedontheimpactofculturalpressureandpopularmediaimagesonwomen’sattitudesandbehavior
6、.Althoughthisresearchhasfoundmanysignificantcorrelationsbetweenanorexicbehaviorsandavarietyofculturalandsocialphenomena,theresultshavefailedtoprovideadefinitivecausalexplanationoftherelationbetweenculturalphenomenaandC.Salmon(*)DepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofRedlands,
7、Redlands,CA92223,USAe-mail:catherine_salmon@redlands.eduC.Crawford:L.Dane:O.ZuberbierDepartmentofPsychology,SimonFraserUniversity,Burnaby,BritishColumbia,CanadaV5A1S6HumNatanorexicbehaviorsorseriousinroadsintomoresuccessfultreatments.Ingeneral,anorexicbehaviorinvolvesacom
8、binationofthefollowing:maintainingabodyweightlessthan85%ofnormalforageandheight,anintensefearoff
