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1、动词不定式-.定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,既可以有白己的宾语和状语。同时动词不定式乂具有名词、形容词、副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。二.动词不定式的构成:to+动词原形三.动词不定式作宾语后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有:agree,ask,choose,decide,forget,hope,learn,want,wish,wouldlike等。Wehopetogettherebeforedark.我们希望天黑以前到那儿。Thegirldecide
2、dtodoitherself.那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。动词不定式作宾语的注意事项(2点)1.有些动词既对跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语,但含义不同:remembertodo记住要做某事forgettodo怎记要做某事stoptodo停下来去做某事rememberdoing记得曾经做过某事forgetdoing忘记曾经做过某事stopdoing停止做某事goontodo继续做另一件事goondoing继续做原来在做的事Irememberseeingyousomewherebefore.我记得以前在哪儿见过你。Pleaseremembertoturno
3、ffthelightwhenyouleave.离开时请记得关好灯。2.不定式作宾语时,如帯有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后面,用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”结构。如:Hefounditverydifficulttogettosleep.他发现很难入睡。四.动词不定式作宾语补足语1.后而能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask,order,teach,tell,want,wish,help等。TheteachertoldustodoExercise1.老师要我们做练习一。Iwantbothofyoutogo.我要
4、你们俩去。Wehelpedher(to)repairherbike.我们帮助她修理H行车。2.使役动词let,have,make及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。Let'shavearest.我们休息一会吧。Isawhimcomein.我看见他进來了。感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程己结束;后者表示动作正在进行。Tsawhimcomedownstairs.我看见他下了楼。(说明他下楼了这件事)Isawhimcomingdownstairs.我看
5、见他在卜楼。(说明他卜楼时的情景)五.不定式做状语1.不定式做目的状语,表示:做…为了…Eg.Theygiveupseveralhourstohelpothers.1.用在表示人的心情类的形容词后表原因。Eg.Ifeelveryluckytohavethedog.二.疑问词+不定式what,how,which,where,whenEg.Idon'tknowwhattodo.三.不定式做定语,Eg.Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.Ihavenopentowrite.练习题1.1oftenseeTomontheplayground.WhenI
6、passedtheplaygroundyesterday,Isawhim・A.play;playingB.toplay;playC.playing;toplayC.playing;play2.1afraidofthedark,butnowIdon't・A.usetoB.usedtoC.usetobeD.usedtobe2.一Haveyouenjoyedyourvisithere?——Yes,Fllbeverysorry・A.forleavingB.ofleavingC・toleaveD.withleaving3.—Fllhelpyouwheneveryo
7、uneedme.一Good.Fdlikemetomorrow.A.youhelpingB.thatyouwillhelpC.youtohelpD.thatyouhelp4.一Wheredidhego?一Hewenttoanotherstore・A.tobuypencilsB.forbuyingpencilsC.buypencilsD.buyingpencils5.一Mybabyhasahearttrouble.—Didthedoctorfinditdifficult?A.intreatingB.treatingC.fortreatingD.totreat
8、6.—Didthejudgeaskyoumanyquestions?—Yes,a