资源描述：
《英语作文平民窟》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、LydiaQiaoRichardHinchmanMYPiGeographyDecember3z2015SlumsAslumisaheavilypopulatedurbaninformalsettlementcharacterizedbysubstandardhousingandsqualor.Whileslumsdifferinsizeandothercharacteristicsfromcountrytocountr*mostlackreliablesanitationservices,supplyofcleanwater,reli
2、ableelectricity,timelylawenforcementandotherbasicservices.Slumresidencesvaryfromshantyhousestoprofessionallybuiltdwellingsthatbecauseofpoor-qualitydesignorconstructionhavedeterioratedintoslums.AccordingtoUN・HABITAT,around33%oftheurbanpopulationinthedevelopingworldin2012
3、,orabout863millionpeople,livedinslums.TheproportionofurbanpopulationlivinginslumswashighestinSub-SaharanAfrica(6a.7%),followedbySouthAsia(35%),SoutheastAsia(31%),EastAsia(28.2%),WestAsia(24.6%LOceania(24.i%),LatinAmericaandtheCaribbean(23,5%),andNorthAfrica(i3,3%).Among
4、individualcountries,theproportionofurbanresidentslivinginslumareasin2009washighestintheCentralAfricanRepublic(95.9%).Between1990and2010thepercentageofpeoplelivinginslumsdropped,evenasthetotalurbanpopulationincreased.Theworld'slargestslumcityisinMexicoCity.Slumsformandgr
5、owinmanydifferentpartsoftheworldformanydifferentreasons・Somecausesineluderapidrural-to・urbanmigration,economicstagnationanddepression,highunemployment,poverty,informaleconomy,poorplanning,politics,naturaldisastersandsocialconflicts.Strategiestriedtoreduceandtransformslu
6、msindifferentcountries,withvaryingdegreesofsuccess,ineludeacombinationofslumremoval,slumrelocatiorslumupgrading/urbanplanningwithcitywideinfrastructuredevelopmerrl;andpublichousingprojects・Theformationofslumsiscloselylinkedtourbanization.In2008/morethan50%oftheworld'sp
7、opulationlivedinurbanareas.InChina,forexample,itisestimatedthatthepopulationlivinginurbanareaswillincreasebytenwithinadecadeaccordingtoitscurrentratesorurbaniza廿on.TheUN-HABITATreportsthat43%ofurbanpopulationindevelopingcountriesand78%ofthoseintheleastdevelopedcountries
8、areslumdwellers.SlumswerecommonintheUnitedStatesandEuropebeforetheearly20thcentury.NewYorkCityisbelievedtohave
