资源描述：
《西塞罗集中课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、MarcusTulliusCicerowasaRomanphilosopher,statesman,lawyer,politicaltheorist,andRomanconstitutionalist.Hecamefromawealthymunicipalfamilyoftheequestrianorder,andiswidelyconsideredoneofRome'sgreatestoratorsandprosestylists.HeintroducedtheRomanstothechiefschoolsofGreekphilosophyandcreatedaLatinphi
2、losophicalvocabulary(withneologismssuchashumanitas,qualitas,quantitas,andessentia)distinguishinghimselfasalinguist,translator,andphilosopher.Animpressiveoratorandsuccessfullawyer,Cicerothoughtthathispoliticalcareerwashismostimportantachievement.Today,heisappreciatedprimarilyforhishumanismandp
3、hilosophicalandpoliticalwritings.TheYoungCiceroReadingCiceroisoftenconsideredthefounderofWesterntranslationtheory;certainlyheisthefirsttocommentontheprocessesoftranslationandofferadviceonhowbesttoundertakethem.HisremarksonthepedagogicaluseoftranslationfromGreektoLatininthetrainingofanoratorwe
4、reexpandedbyHorace,Quintilian,adaptedformedievalChristiantheologybyJerome,andcitedrepeatedlybyCatholicsandReformersandHumanistsinsupportoftheirtranslatorialandpedagogicalprinciplcsfromthefourteentotheseventeenthcenturies.Cicero5sfamousquotation:Nottoknowwhathasbeentransactedinformertimesistob
5、ealwaysachild・Ifnouseismadeofthelaborsofpastages,theworldmustremainalwaysintheinfancyofknowledge・CiceroOurspanoflifeisbrief,butislongenoughforustolivewellandhonestly・CiceroOurthoughtsarefree・CiceroThestrictestlawoftencausesthemostseriouswrong・Cicero[Laws]Thewiseareinstructedbyreason;ordinarym
6、indsbyexperience;thestupid,bynecessity;andbrutesbyinstinct・Cicero[Instinct]Tobecontentwithwhatonehasisthegreatestandtruestofriches・CiceroWemustnotsayeverymistakeisafoolishone・Cicero[Mistakes]Whenyouwishtoinstruct,bebrief;thatmen*smindstakeinquicklywhatyousay,learnitslesson,andretainitfaithful
7、ly・Everywordthatisunnecessaryonlypoursoverthesideofabrimmingmind・CiceroGratitudeisnotonlythegreatestofvirtues,buttheparentofallothers.Cicero,ProPlancio；54B.C.[Gratitude]Aroomwithoutbooksislikeabodywithoutasoul.-……Cicero,(Attributed)[Books]Whi
