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1、定语从句定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。先行词和引导词被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词;在先行词和定语从句之问起连接作用的词叫做引导词。引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which,as®关系副词有:when,where,why。注意:关系副词里面没有howohow不是关系副词,如果要修饰方式,不能用how引导,用that或inwhich引导,或者不用引导词。Idon'tliketheway(that,inwhich)
2、heeyedme.我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。ThisisthewayIlookatit.这就是我对这件事的看法。限制性与非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句在句子中是一个必不可少的成分,如果去掉这部分,整个句子的意义就不完整:HeisthemanwhomIsawintheparkyesterday.(这个句子如果去掉定语从句部分,意思就不完整。)Anyonewholeaveslitterinthewoodswillbeprosecuted.在林中随地扔东西的人将受到指控。(这个句子如果去掉定语从句部分,整个句
3、子将不成立。)2.非限制性定语从句只是起到补充说明的作用,去掉定语从句部分,这个句子还是完整的。SheisveryfondofspeakingEnglish,whichindeedshespeakswell.Ihavemanyfriends,someofwhomarepainters.that和which的用法区别首先,that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语,做宾语时可以省略。在定语从句中,有种说法叫“关宾省”,意思是关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语可以省略,不管是that,which,还是whom
4、。以下几种情况只能用that:1.当先行词为all,much,little,none及由any,every,some,no所构成的复合不定代词时。Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.Pleasetellmeanythingthatyouknowaboutthematte匚2.当先行词被any,few,little,no,all,much,some等词修饰时。Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.Thereislittleworkthatisfitfor
5、you.3.当先行词为序数词或被序数词所修饰时,女口:WhenpeopletalkaboutthecitiesofChina,thefirstthatcomestomymindisBeijing.Thisisthefourthfilmthathasbeenshowninourschoolthisterm.4.当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。ThebestthatIcoulddowastoapologize.ThisisthemostinterestingstorybookthatIhaveev
6、erread.5.当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast,thejust,thesame等修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatI'mlookingfbi*.Theonlythingthatwecoulddowastowait.注意:先行词被thesame修饰时,关系代词也可用as。Ineedthesamebookthat/asyouhave.我需要有你一样的书。6.当先行词既包含人又包含物时。Theyarctalkingoftheheroinesandtheirdeedsth
7、atinterestthem.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandtheschoolsthattheyhadvisited.1.当先行词是疑问代词who,which,what或主句以这些词开头,为避免重复吋。Whothathaseverworkedtogetherwithhimdoesn'tadmirehim?Whichisthestarthatisnearertotheearth?&当先行词为主句表语或关系代词为从句表语时。That'sagoodbookthatwillhelpyou
8、alot.Ourschoolisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.9.先行词为time时,当time表示次数,引导词用that,可省略。当表示时间,可用that或when引导,都可省略。Idorememberthefirsttime(that)Ihadeverheardthesweetestvoiceintheworld.Ididn'tremembertheexacttime(when