欧洲文化入门考试大纲省纸版

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1、2010年10月欧洲文化入门考试大纲IntroductionTwomajorelementsinEuropeancultureI.GreekCultureandRomanCulture1・GreekCulture(1)TheHistoricalContextwarbetweenGreeceandTroyhighpointofdevelopmentAlexanderAlexandria(2)SocialandPoliticalStructuremeaningofdemocracymeaningofpeople

2、economy—slavelaborsportsandOlympics(3)HomerthetimeofHomertwoepicsthestoryofthetwoepics(5)DramaHowwereplaysperfonned?(b)Sophocleshiscontributionandinfluence(d)ComedyCharacteristicsofcomedy⑹History(a)Herodotiisfatherofhistoty—warbetweenGreeksandPersiansfeatu

3、reofhiswritingobjectin*writingmainideaoftheexcerpt(b)Thucydideswhathewroteabout.mainideaoftheexcerpt(7)PhilosophyandSciencewhyphilosophydevelopedinancientGreecePythagoras—founderofscientistmathematicsHeraeleitue~thetheoryoftheminglingofopposites-strifebetw

4、eentheoppositesproducingharmonyDemocritus一atomictheory;materialist(P・27,第二段)(a)Socrateshislifehismethodofargumenttrialandthereasonlastpartofthespeechbeforehedied(mainidea)(b)Platohislifehiswritinghisphilosophy-idealism(C)Aristotlehislifetherangeofhiswiitin

5、gshisidealismdifferencebetweenPlatoandAristotle(d)ContendingSchoolsofThought,theCynicstheEpicureans—theirbelie匸^misrepresentationtheStoics—theirtlieory(e)SciencecontributionofphilosopherslikePlatoEuclid—ElementsArchimedes―iscontributionapplicationofscience

6、:fivefields-acoustics,optics,geography,staticsandastronomy.(8)Art,Architecture,SculptureandPottery(b)ArchitectureParthenontlireestylesAcropolisatAthens⑼Impact(a)spiritofinnovation(b)supremeachievement(e)GreekphilosophyanditsinfluenceofGreekLiterature2.Roma

7、nCulture(1)RomansandGreeksLatinandGreekSimilarityofRomansandGreeksonebigdifferenceattitudeforwardGreekCulnire(2)RomanHistoryimportanceoftheyear27B・ChowtoruleRomanlawEastandWestRomanEmpires(3)LatinLiterature(a)ProseCicero：whatwashenotedfor?hisroleandcontrib

8、utionhissayingsCaesar：hisrolehissayings(b)Poetry・Viigil：Aeneas：thestorywhyatragichero(4)Architecture,PaintingandSculpture(a)Architecture(a)thePantheon(a)theColosseum(c)SculptureShe一wolfIITheBibleandChristiani