2、因此,正确理解和掌握连接词语是我们能否正确理解话语篇章意义的关键。表示并列关系的词语除了并列连词(如:and,but,or,so,for等),还有并列词组(如:in addition,as a result等)和连接性副词(如:however,moreover,otherwise等),这里统称为连接词语。根据连接词语的语义功能,可将其分类如下: 1.表示补充、添加关系的连接词 这类连接词表示后面分句的句意是对前面分句句意的补充,说的是同类事情。常用的有:and,in addition,besides,moreover,furthermore,lik
3、ewise,in the same way, what’s more等。例如: Irene did not answer,and James, too,ceased speaking. 艾琳没有回答,詹姆斯也不再说话。(说的都是"保持沉默") Bicycling is good exercise,moreover,it doesn’t pollute the air. 骑自行车是项很好的运动,而且又不污染空气。(说的都是骑自行车的优点) A flood will break a dam;likewise,the oppressed peopl
4、e everywhere will overthrow their oppressors in the end. 洪水会冲毁大坝,同样,任何地方的被压迫人民也会推翻他们的压迫者。(说的是同一道理) 2.表示转折关系的连接词 这类连接词表示后面分句在意义上与前面的分句发生了转折,说的是不同情况或不同的观点。常见的有:but,however,nevertheless,instead,on the contrary,on the otherhand,yet,by contrast,whereas等。例如: The situation looked d
5、esperate,but they didn’t give up hope. 形势看来非常危急,但他们没有放弃希望。 It’s too wet to go for a walk;let’s go swimming instead. 天气潮湿,不宜去散步,我们改去游泳吧。 There was no news;nevertheless,she went on hoping. 尽管没有消息,她仍抱着希望。 3.表示因果关系的连接词 这类连接词表示后面分句所述事件是前面分句所述情况的原因或结果。表示结果的有:so,therefore,thus,a
6、s a result,for this reason,accordingly,consequently,hence;表示原因的有:for。例如: Few people showed interest in his story so he had to leave off. 没有几个人对他的故事感兴趣,所以他不得不停下来。 My mother is living by herself;hence I must go home now. 我母亲就一个人在家,所以我现在必须回家。 We believe that he will succeed,fo
7、r he has both talent and will. 我们相信他会成功,因为他既有才干,又有意志。 4.表示时序关系的连接词 这类连接词表示行为、事件的时间顺序。常见有的: first,meanwhile,next,then, subsequently(后来)等。例如: First,you heat the fat; next,you add the onions. 首先你把油烧热,然后加洋葱。 Jack ran for a doctor; meanwhile we stayed with the patient. 杰克跑去叫医生