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1、HydrogenEconomyRyanMorrisonChE38411/20/2006MethanolEconomyvs.1OutlineIntroductionHydrogenProduction,Storage,DistributionMethanolProduction,Storage,DistributionFuelCellsConclusions2IntroductionPersistentfossilfuelburningAdverseeffectsontheclimate(globalwarming)W
2、orldneedstodigitselfoutWillcostanarm&alegHydrogen/Methanolareproposedsolutions3HydrogenInfinitelyabundantIdeallycleanburningfuelNoCO2withH2Oasaby-productBoilingPoint-252.9oCLiquidDensity@-253oC70.8kg/m3FlammabilityLimits4–74%IgnitionEnergy0.005millicalorie4Hydr
3、ogenProductionWorldwideproductionis50milliontonnesperyearSteamreformingoffossilfuelsProducesCO2,sopotentialforcapture/sequestrationElectrolysisofwaterHighlyenergyintensive,buthighlyefficient5HydrogenStorageCompressedH2incarbonfibertanks5,000–10,000psiLiquidH2-2
4、53oCcoolingrequired,orelseboil-offAbsorptionSolidstateuptake/release67HydrogenStorageCompressedH2incarbonfibertanks5,000–10,000psiLiquidH2-253oCcoolingrequired,orelseboil-offAbsorptionSolidstateuptake/release8HydrogenDistributionCentralized&decentralizedlocatio
5、nsBothhavetheirdifferencesinCO2capture,transportationmethods,andsafetyCommongroundismagnitudeofcapitalinvestment9MethanolLiquidfuelPrecursortoethylene/propyleneBoilingPoint64.6oCLiquidDensity791kg/m3LatentHeatofVaporization9.2kcal/molFlammabilityLimits7–36%10Me
6、thanolProductionWorldwideproductionis32milliontonnesperyearSteamreformingoffossilfuelsSyngasreactswithH2DirectconversionfromCO2Fromcapturedfluegasoratmosphere11MethanolStorage&DistributionCurrentfillingstationsandstoragevesselscanbere-usedorretrofitOnlyminorcha
7、ngestomaterialsofconstructionorcoatings12FuelCellsUseschemicalenergytoproduceelectricitydirectlyLowoperatingtemperature,volume,weightHighefficiencyMethanolfuelcellsaremorereasonablenowuntilH2issuesaresettled13ConclusionsHydrogenhastoomanyissuesMethanolwouldbeag
8、oodsubstitutefuelforgasolineNeitherare100%proven,sohybriddeviceswillcontrolmarketsFateofmethanolorhydrogeniscoupledwithfateoffuelcells14Questions15
