Expert_Systems

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1、ExpertSystemsICTIGCSEObjectivesUnderstandtheuseofexpertsystemsinMineralprospectingCarenginefaultdiagnosisMedicaldiagnosisOil/mineralprospectingPlant/animalidentificationStrategygamesegChessWhatisanExpertSystem?Anexpertsystemiscomputersoftwarethatattemptstoactlikeahumanexpertonaparticularsubjecta

2、rea.Expertsystemsareoftenusedtoadvisenon-expertsinsituationswhereahumanexpertisunavailable(forexampleitmaybetooexpensivetoemployahumanexpert,oritmightbeadifficulttoreachthelocation).ExamplesofexpertsystemsincludeDiagnosingaperson’sillnessDiagnostics(carenginefaults,circuitboardfaultsetc)Prospect

3、ingforoilandmineralsTaxandfinancialcalculationsChessgamesIdentificationofplants,animals,chemicalcompoundsRoadschedulingfordeliveryvehiclesContentsofanExpertSystem?Anexpertsystemisaknowledge-basedsystemwhichattemptstoreplaceahuman'expert'inaparticularfield.Thesystemwillconsistofalargedatabaseofkn

4、owledgefacilitiesforsearchingtheknowledgedatabaseasetofrulesformakingdeductionsfromthedataAnenginetoapplythoserules(inferenceengine)StructureAnexpertsystemAuserinterfaceAknowledgebaseArulesbaseAninferenceengineUserInterfaceThisisthesystemthatallowsanon-expertusertoquery(question)theexpertsystem,

5、andtoreceiveadvice.Theuser-interfaceisdesignedtobeasimpletouseaspossible.TheknowledgebaseThisisacollectionoffacts.Theknowledgebaseiscreatedfrominformationprovidedbyhumanexperts.ItisadatabasedesignedtoallowthecomplexstorageandretrievalrequirementsoftheexpertsystemsTherulesbaseThisismadeupofaserie

6、sof‘inferencerules’IFthecountryisinSouthAmericaANDthelanguageisPortuguese,THENthecountrymustbeBrazilTheseinferencerulesareusedbytheinferenceenginetodrawconclusions.Theinferencerulescloselyfollowhumanreasoning.TheinferenceengineThisactsratherlikeasearchengine,examiningtheknowledgebaseforinformati

7、onthatmatchestheuser'squery.Itissoftwarethatattemptstoderiveanswersfromtheknowledgebaseusingaformofreasoning.Howitworks:Howitworks:Thenon-expertuserqueriestheexpertsystem.Thisisdonebyaskingaquestion,orbyansweringquestionsask