Atomicradii-ChristopherDockMennoniteHighSchool：原子半径-克里斯托弗码头门诺中学

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1、Whataretheperiodictrends?AtomicradiusIonizationenergyAffinityelectronegativityShieldingaffectAtomicradiiDefinedasone-halfthedistancebetweenthenucleiofidenticalatomsthatarebondedtogether.(drawpicture)TrendsRadiidecreasesfromlefttorightacrossaperiod.Addprotons,addp-epullIncrea

2、sesasyougodownafamilyAddingenergylevels,layersExceptionAl-GaTable5-13page141slideQuestionsInperiod3,whichhasthelargestradiusNa,Mg,P,ClInfamily2whichhasthelargestradiusCa,Be,Ba,SrIonizationEnergyTheenergyrequiredtoremoveanelectronfromaneutralatom.(firstionizationenergy)Pg143f

3、igure5-15Whenyouremoveanelectronfromaneutralionyouformanion.Anyprocessthatresultsintheformationofanionisionization.TrendsIonizationenergyincreasesfromlefttorightacrossaperiod.ItgetsharderandhardertoremoveanelectronRadiusissmaller,thepullbetweennucleusandelectronisgreater.Nob

4、legas–can’tremovetheelectron.Dipswhereelectronsdoubleupinanorbital.TrendsIonizationenergygenerallydecreasesasyougodownafamily.Theradiusislarger,theelectronsarefurtherawayandarethereforeheldlesstightly.Shieldingoccurs–therearemoreenergylevelsthathaveelectronsinthem,theyshield

5、theouterelectronsfromthenuclearpull.ShowslideSecondionizationenergyTheenergyrequiredtoremoveasecondelectronfromanatom(ion).Alwaysrequiresmoreenergytoremovethesecondandsuccessiveelectronsthanthefirst.Table1-3pg145practiceElementAhasafirstionizationenergyof419kJ/mol.ElementBha

6、safirstionizationenergyof1000kJ/mol.Aretheyinthesorpblock?Whichwillmostlikelygiveuptheirelectron?ElectronegativityMeasureoftheabilityofanatominachemicalcompoundtoattractelectrons.Fluorineassignedanumber4Everythingelseisbasedoffofthatvalue.TrendFamily18exceptionFamily1isveryw

7、illingtogiveupitselectrons.HasanoblegasconfigurationifitdoesLooselyheldFamily17wantselectronsFilltheouterenergylevelStableTrendAsyougolefttorightacrossaperioditelectronegativityincreasesAsyougodownafamilyelectronegativitywilldecreasesShieldingaffectElectronsarefurtherout,loo

8、selyheldpracticeGiventheelementsGa,BrandCawhichhasthehighestelectronegativi