曼昆经济学原理第五版答案英文ch02

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1、Chapter2/ThinkingLikeanEconomistF332Chapter2ThinkingLikeanEconomistTHINKINGLIKEANECONOMISTWHAT’SNEW:Therearenosignificantchangestothischapter.LEARNINGOBJECTIVES:Bytheendofthischapter,studentsshouldunderstand:Øhoweconomistsapplythemethodsofscience.Øhowassumptionsandmodelscanshedlightonth

2、eworld.Øtwosimplemodels—thecircularflowandtheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.Øthedifferencebetweenmicroeconomicsandmacroeconomics.Øthedifferencebetweenpositiveandnormativestatements.Øtheroleofeconomistsinmakingpolicy.Øwhyeconomistssometimesdisagreewithoneanother.CONTEXTANDPURPOSE:Chapte

3、r2isthesecondchapterinathreechaptersectionthatservesastheintroductionofthetext.Chapter1introducedtenprinciplesofeconomicsthatwillberevisitedthroughoutthetext.Chapter2developshoweconomistsapproachproblemswhileChapter3willexplainhowindividualsandcountriesgainfromtrade.ThepurposeofChapter2

4、istofamiliarizestudentswithhoweconomistsapproacheconomicproblems.Withpractice,theywilllearnhowtoapproachsimilarproblemsinthisdispassionatesystematicway.Theywillseehoweconomistsemploythescientificmethod,theroleofassumptionsinmodelbuilding,andtheapplicationoftwospecificeconomicmodels.Stud

5、entswillalsolearntheimportantdistinctionbetweentworoleseconomistscanplay:asscientistswhenwetrytoexplaintheeconomicworldandaspolicymakerswhenwetrytoimproveit.Chapter2/ThinkingLikeanEconomistF33KEYPOINTS:1.Economiststrytoaddresstheirsubjectwithascientist’sobjectivity.Likeallscientists,the

6、ymakeappropriateassumptionsandbuildsimplifiedmodelsinordertounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Twosimpleeconomicmodelsarethecircular-flowdiagramandtheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.2.Thefieldofeconomicsisdividedintotwosubfields:microeconomicsandmacroeconomics.Microeconomistsstudydecisionmaki

7、ngbyhouseholdsandfirmsandtheinteractionamonghouseholdsandfirmsinthemarketplace.Macroeconomistsstudytheforcesandtrendsthataffecttheeconomyasawhole.3.Apositivestatementisanassertionabouthowtheworldis.Anormativestatementisanassertionabouthowtheworldoughttobe.Wheneconomistsmakenorm