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1、BehindJapan'sDefiningrulesformanaginginapluralistsocietysuccessPeterF.DruckerTomanybusinesspeopletheessentialrulesfor"IammoreafraidoftheJapanesethanIamoftheandpuhlicofficialsinmanagingcomplexor-Russians,"ayounglawyersaidtomerecently."TotheWest,thepostwarganizationsinthemod-besure,theRuss
2、iansareouttoconquertheworld.successoftheJapaneseemworld.Buttheirunityisimposedfromthetopandisun-economyishothanim-likelytosurviveachallenge.TheJapanesetooarepressiveandapuzzlingMr.Druckerisprofessorouttoconquerus,buttheirunitycomesfromwith-achievement.Thesuccessemeritusofmanagementin.The
3、yactasonesuperconglomerate"—acon-isohviousandmeasur-attheGraduateBusinessglomerateWesternersoftencall"Japan,Inc."able;thereasonsforit,SchoolofNewYorkUni-farlessso.Seekingversity,ClarkeProfessorTotheJapanese,however,Japan,Inc.isajoke,explanations,WesternofSocialScienceandandnotaveryfunnyo
4、ne.TheyseeonlycracksandohserversoftenfastenManagementatthenot,astheforeignerdoes,amonolith.Whattheywithwide-eyedenthusi-ClaremontGraduateexperienceintheirdailylivesaretensions,pressures,asmonthemysteriousSchool,andprofessorialconflicts,andnotunity.Theyseeintense,ifnotworkingsof"Japan,Inc
5、.,"lecturerinorientalartcutthroat,competitionbothamongthemajorbanksthatfablededificeofatPomonaGollege.Heandamongthemajorindustrialgroups.Andthebusiness-governmentco-istheauthorofnumer-Japanesearethemselvesinvolvedeverydayintheoperation.Toittheyas-ousbooksandessays,bitterfactionalinfighti
6、ngthatcharacterizestheircribeacontinuousap-includingsome20ar-plicationofsingle-ticlesforHBR,andwasinstitutions:theunremittingguerillawarfarethatmindedenergy;fromithimselfthesubjectofeachministrywagesagainstallotherministriesandtheyexpectacontinualanHBRarticle-"Whythefactionalbickeringtha
7、tanimatesthepoliticalflowofindustrialReadPeterDrucker?"parties,theCahinet,theuniversities,andindividualmiracles.Inthisarticle,(January-Fehruary1980).businesses.PeterDrucker,longHiswidelynotedessayPerhapsmostimportant,wheretheforeignerseesrecognizedasanauthor-"WhatWeGanLea
