A Concise History of American Literature (old)

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1、AConciseHistoryofAmericanLiteratureWhatisliterature?Literatureislanguageartisticallyusedtoachieveidentifiableliteraryqualitiesandtoconveymeaningfulmessages.Chapter1ColonialPeriodI.Background:Puritanism1.featuresofPuritanism(1)Predestination:Goddecidedeverythingbeforethingsoccur

2、red.(2)Originalsin:Humanbeingswereborntobeevil,andthisoriginalsincanbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.(3)Totaldepravity(4)Limitedatonement:Onlythe“elect”canbesaved.2.Influence(1)Agroupofgoodqualities–hardwork,thrift,piety,sobriety(seriousandthoughtful)influencedAmericanlit

3、erature.(2)Itledtotheeverlastingmyth.Allliteratureisbasedonamyth–gardenofEden.(3)Symbolism:theAmericanpuritan’smetaphoricalmodeofperceptionwaschieflyinstrumentalincallingintobeingaliterarysymbolismwhichisdistinctlyAmerican.(4)Withregardtotheirwriting,thestyleisfresh,simpleanddi

4、rect;therhetoricisplainandhonest,notwithoutatouchofnobilityoftentraceabletothedirectinfluenceoftheBible.II.Overviewoftheliterature1.typesofwritingdiaries,histories,journals,letters,travelbooks,autobiographies/biographies,sermons2.writersofcolonialperiod(1)AnneBradstreet(2)Edwar

5、dTaylor(3)RogerWilliams(4)JohnWoolman-45-(1)ThomasPaine(2)PhilipFreneauII.JonathanEdwards1.life2.works(1)TheFreedomoftheWill(2)TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended(3)TheNatureofTrueVirtue3.ideas–pioneeroftranscendentalism(1)Thespiritofrevivalism(2)Regenerationofman(3)God’spres

6、ence(4)PuritanidealismIII.BenjaminFranklin1.life2.works(1)PoorRichard’sAlmanac(2)Autobiography3.contribution(1)HehelpedfoundthePennsylvaniaHospitalandtheAmericanPhilosophicalSociety.(2)Hewascalled“thenewPrometheuswhohadstolenfire(electricityinthiscase)fromheaven”.(3)Everythings

7、eemstomeetinthisoneman–“Jackofalltrades”.HermanMelvillethusdescribedhim“masterofeachandmasteredbynone”.-45-Chapter2AmericanRomanticismSection1EarlyRomanticPeriodWhatisRomanticism?lAnapproachfromancientGreek:PlatolAliterarytrend:18cinBritain(1798~1832)lSchlegelBros.I.Preview:Cha

8、racteristicsofromanticism1.subjectivity(1)feelingandem