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the-principle-us-response-in-the-cuban-missile-crisis

the-principle-us-response-in-the-cuban-missile-crisis

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时间：2017-11-28

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1、AdamSmith17.40AmericanForeignPolicyBoazAtziliThePrincipleUSResponseintheCubanMissileCrisisInthemidstoftheCubanMissileCrisisthen-presidentJohnF.Kennedy,inselectingaUSresponsetoSovietactions,hadtochoosebetweentwocompetingproposals.Thefirstoftheseproposa

2、lscalledforanavalblockadeorquarantineofCubaandthesecondproposalcalledforamilitarystrikeoftherecentlyestablishedmissilebasesinCuba,possiblyfollowedupbyaninvasion.Therewereotheroptionsonthetableaswell,buttheseseemedtobe,andprobablywere,farlessattractive

3、.InthispaperIwilldiscusstheseproposalsindetailandshowthatthenavalblockadewasindeedthebestchoiceundertheknowledgeavailabletoUSpolicymakersatthetime.FinallyIwilldiscussthelessonsthatcanbelearnedfromthisexperienceandcomparethesituationtomorerecentones.Ca

4、usalAnalysisWewillbeginourdiscussionbyevaluatingthetwomutuallyexclusiveoptionsavailablefromtheview-pointofa“flyonthewall”(thatis,anobjectiveobserver)atthetimeoftheincident.Beforewecanbeginlookingindetailattheseoptions,though,wemustestablishabasisofcon

5、siderationsthatwewillkeepinmind.BackgroundInformationThemostobviousfacetofthissituationwastheimmediatethreat.ItwasestimatedthattheU.S.S.R.hadhalfofitsICBMweaponryinCubaoronitsway.Iftheseweaponswerefireditwasthoughtthattheywouldbeabletokill80millionAme

6、ricansinamatterofminutes.AsidefromthreatsontheAmericanpeople,theSovietswereinapositiontotakeWestBerlinfromUScontrol,anincidentwhichwouldbeahugesetbackandworkagainstthegoalofcontainment.AlthoughtheCubanmissileincidentwaslargeintermsofmagnitudeofimpact,

7、itoccurredwithinashortperiodoftime(ontheorderof2weeks).TheSovietshadbegantalkingtoFidelCastromonthsbeforetheUSdiscoveredwhatwasgoingon.However,bythetimetheydiddiscoverthemissiles,therewasaveryshortwindowofopportunitytoactbeforethemissilesbecamefullyop

8、erative.OneobviousgoalofUSpolicy-makerswastoremovethethreatwhichhadbeenplaceduponthembythepresenceofthosemissilesinCuba.Anotherprimarygoalwastomaintaincredibility.DomesticcredibilitywasimportanttoJFK’spoliticalparty,NATOmighthavelostallcredibi

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