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1、信息系统信息技术中英文资料外文翻译文献外文文献翻译InformationSystemsOutsourcingLifeCycleAndRisksAnalysis1.IntroductionInformationsystemsoutsourcinghasobtainedtremendousattentionsintheinformationtechnologyindustry.Althoughthereareanumberofreasonsforcompaniestopursuinginformationsystems
2、(IS)outsourcing,themostprominentmotivationforISoutsourcingthatrevealedintheliteratureswas“costsaving”.CostfactorhasbeenamajordecisionfactorsforISoutsourcing.Otherthancostfactor,thereareotherreasonsforoutsourcingdecision.TheOutsourcingInstitutesurveyedoutsourci
3、ngend-usersfromtheirmembershipin1998andfoundthattop10reasonscompaniesoutsourcewere:Reduceandcontroloperatingcosts,improvecompanyfocus,gainaccesstoworld-classcapabilities,freeinternalresourcesforotherpurposes,resourcesarenotavailableinternally,acceleratereengin
4、eeringbenefits,functiondifficulttomanage/outofcontrol,makecapitalfundsavailable,sharerisks,andcashinfusion.Withinthesetoptenoutsourcingreasons,therearethreeitemsthatrelatedtofinancialconcerns,theyareoperatingcosts,capitalfundsavailable,andcashinfusion.Sincethe
5、phenomenonofwagedifferenceexistsintheoutsourcedcountries,itisobviousthatoutsourcingcompanieswouldsaveremarkableamountoflaborcost.AccordingtoGartner,Inc.'sreport,worldbusinessoutsourcingserviceswouldgrowfrom$110billionin2002to$173billionin2007,aproximately9.5%a
6、nnualgrowthrate.Inadditiontocostsavingconcern,thereareotherfactorsthatinfluenceoutsourcingdecision,includingtheawarenessofsuccessandriskfactors,theoutsourcingrisksidentificationandmanagement,andtheprojectqualitymanagement.Outsourcingactivitiesaresubstantiallyc
7、omplicatedandoutsourcingprojectusuallycarriesahugearrayofrisks.Unmanagedoutsourcingriskswillincreasetotalprojectcost,devaluatesoftwarequality,delayprojectcompletiontime,andfinallylowerthesuccessrateoftheoutsourcingproject.Outsourcingriskshavebeendiscoveredinar
8、eassuchasunexpectedtransitionandmanagementcosts,switchingcosts,costlycontractualamendments,disputesandlitigation,servicedebasement,costescalation,lossoforganizationalcompetence,hid
