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1、TheStrangerGeorgSimmelIfwanderingistheliberationfromeverygivenpointinrequiredforproductsthatoriginateoutsidethegroup.space,andthustheconceptionaloppositetofixationatInsofarasmembersdonotleavethecircleinordertosuchapoint,thesociologicalformofthe"stranger"buythesenecessities--inwhichcasetheyarethepres
2、entstheunity,asitwere,ofthesetwo"strange"merchantsinthatoutsideterritory--thetradercharacteristics.Thisphenomenontoo,however,revealsmustbeastranger,sincenobodyelsehasachancetothatspatialrelationsareonlythecondition,ontheonemakealiving.hand,andthesymbol,ontheother,ofhumanrelations.Thestrangeristhusbe
3、ingdiscussedhere,notintheThispositionofthestrangerstandsoutmoresharplyifsenseoftentoucheduponinthepast,asthewandererhesettlesdownintheplaceofhisactivity,insteadofwhocomestodayandgoestomorrow,butratherastheleavingitagain:ininnumerablecaseseventhisispersonwhocomestodayandstaystomorrow.Heis,sopossibleo
4、nlyifhecanlivebyintermediatetrade.Oncetospeak,thepotentialwanderer:althoughhehasnotaneconomyissomehowclosedthelandisdividedup,movedon,hehasnotquiteovercomethefreedomofandhandicraftsareestablishedthatsatisfythedemandcomingandgoing.Heisfixedwithinaparticularforthem,thetrader,too,canfindhisexistence.Fo
5、rinspatialgroup,orwithinagroupwhoseboundariesaretrade,whichalonemakespossibleunlimitedsimilartospatialboundaries.Buthispositioninthiscombinations,intelligencealwaysfindsexpansionsandgroupisdetermined,essentially,bythefactthathehasnewterritories,anachievementwhichisverydifficultnotbelongedtoitfromthe
6、beginning,thatheimportstoattainfortheoriginalproducerwithhislesserqualitiesintoit,whichdonotandcannotstemfromthemobilityandhisdependenceuponacircleofcustomersgroupitself.thatcanbeincreasedonlyslowly.Tradecanalwaysabsorbmorepeoplethanprimaryproduction;itis,Theunityofnearnessandremotenessinvolvedineve
7、rytherefore,thesphereindicatedforthestranger,whohumanrelationisorganized,inthephenomenonoftheintrudesasasupernumerary,sotospeak,intoagroupstranger,inawaywhichmaybemostbrieflyinwhichtheeconomicposition
