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1、Quality-AwareSegmentTransmissionSchedulinginPeer-to-PeerStreamingSystems∗Cheng-HsinHsuMohamedHefeedaDeutscheTelekomR&DLabUSASchoolofComputingScience5050ElCaminoReal#221SimonFraserUniversityLosAltos,CA94022Surrey,BC,CanadaABSTRACTCategoriesandSubjectDescript
2、orsInpeer-to-peer(P2P)mesh-basedstreamingsystems,eachH.4.3[InformationSystemsApplications]:Communi-videosequenceistypicallydividedintosegments,whicharecationsApplications;C.2.4[Computer-Communicationthenstreamedfrommultiplesenderstoareceiver.TheNetworks]:Di
3、stributedSystemsreceiverneedstocoordinatethesendersbyspecifyingatransmissionscheduleforeachofthem.WeconsidertheGeneralTermsschedulingprobleminbothliveandon-demandP2Pstream-Designingsystems.Weformulatetheproblemofschedulingseg-menttransmissioninordertomaximi
4、zetheperceivedvideoqualityofthereceiver.WeprovethatthisproblemisNP-KeywordsComplete.Wepresentanintegerlinearprogramming(ILP)Optimization,peer-to-peerstreaming,videostreaming,per-formulationforthisproblem,andweoptimallysolveitusingceivedvideoquality,transmis
5、sionschedulinganILPsolver.Thisoptimalsolution,however,iscomputa-tionallyexpensiveandisnotsuitableforreal-timestream-1.INTRODUCTIONingsystems.Thus,weproposeapolynomial-timeapproxi-AsvideostreamingovertheInternetisgettingincreas-mationalgorithm,whichyieldstra
6、nsmissionscheduleswithinglypopular[1],manymultimediaobjectsaredistributedanalyticalguaranteesontheworst-caseperformance.Moreusingpeer-to-peer(P2P)streamingsystems[16,23,26,30],precisely,weshowthattheapproximationfactorisatmostwhichreducethedeploymentcostofe
7、xpensivestreaming3,comparedtotheabsolutelyoptimalsolutionasabench-servers.P2Pstreamingsystemscanbebuiltintwowaysmark.Weimplementtheproposedapproximationandopti-[17]:(i)tree-basedsystemsinwhichoneormoretreesaremalalgorithmsinapacket-levelsimulatorforP2Pstrea
8、m-usedtoconnectpeersfortransferringcontent[7,9,20],andingsystems.Wealsoimplementtwootherschedulingal-(ii)mesh-basedsystemsinwhicheachpeerconnectstoagorithmsproposedintheliteratureandusedinpopularfewnei