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1、第22卷第9期生态学报Vol.22,No.92002年9月ACTAECOLOGICASINICASep.,2002干旱胁迫对苗木蒸腾耗水的影响李吉跃,周平,招礼军(北京林业大学,北京100083)摘要:采用Lico26400便携式光合系统测定仪和BP3400精密天平等仪器研究了9个北方主要造林树种的蒸腾速率及实际蒸腾耗量;用压力室法分阶段测定了苗木的叶水势。得出了苗木在正常水分条件下及干旱胁迫过程中的蒸腾耗水规律。比较分析了不同水势梯度下、昼夜不同时间段的各树种的蒸腾耗水量及蒸腾耗水速率。结果表明,蒸腾耗水以白天为主,在相同的水分条件下,不同的苗
2、木有不同的蒸腾耗水量,同种苗木的蒸腾耗水量随干旱胁迫的加重而减少,在受到严重干旱胁迫时,针叶树油松和侧柏的耗水量均降至正常水分条件下的1117%,阔叶乔木树种降至616%,灌木树种降至1619%。通过研究苗木在不同水势梯度下的耗水特性和蒸腾耗水量,为在水量缺乏的情况下,进行有效的林木培育和植被恢复重建提供依据。关键词:干旱胁迫;水势;蒸腾耗水量;蒸腾耗水特性InfluenceofDroughtStressonTranspiringWater-consumptionofSeedlingsLIJi2Yue,ZHOUPing,ZHAOLi2Jun(Be
3、ijingForestryUniversity,Beijing100083,China).ActaEco-logicaSinica,2002,22(9):1380～1386.Abstract:TranspirationratesandwaterconsumptionofninemainplantationtreespeciesinNorthChinawerestudiedbyusingLico26400PortablePhotosynthesisSystemandBP3400PrecisionBalanceetc..Leafwaterpotent
4、ialwasmeasuredusingpressurechamberindifferentphase.Thewater2consumptionpatternsofseedlingswereobservedinnormalwater2supplyanddroughtstressconditions.Thequantityandrateofwaterconsumptionwerecomparedandanalyzedindifferentwaterpotentialsandintimesofdayandnight.Itwasshowedthatwat
5、erconsumptionbytranspirationmainlyoccurredindaytime,differentseedlingshaddifferentwaterconsumptionsinthesamewaterstatus,andwiththedroughtstressincreasing,andthewaterconsumptionofseedlingsdecreasedwithincreasingdroughtstress.Whentheseedlingswereinseri2ousdroughtstress,watercon
6、sumptionofconiferPinustabulaeformisandPlatycladusorientalisdecreasedin1117%ofthatinnormalwatercondition,thatofbroadleafarbordecreasedin616%andshrubberyde2creasedin1619%.Itsuggestedthatthepresentstudyfocusingonwaterconsumptioncharacteristicandconsumptionvalueindifferentwaterpo
7、tentialswouldbebeneficialtoafforestationandvegetationrecon2structionunderconditionofwaterdeficiency.Keywords:droughtstress;waterpotential;waterconsumption;waterconsumptioncharacteristic文章编号:100020933(2002)0921380207中图分类号:S718145文献标识码:A准确测算植物耗水量是环境水分定量研究的急需技术。蒸腾速率作为一个重要的水分参数,反
8、映了植[1～9]物潜在的耗水能力,国内外学者对此进行了大量研究,并取得了许多研究成果。他们不仅对测定树木蒸[10,11]腾耗水的多种方法
