New cements for the 21st century The pursuit of an alternative to Portland cement

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1、CementandConcreteResearch41(2011)750–763ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectCementandConcreteResearchjournalhomepage:http://ees.elsevier.com/CEMCON/default.aspNewcementsforthe21stcentury:ThepursuitofanalternativetoPortlandcementabb,⁎CaijunShi,A.FernándezJiméne

2、z,AngelPalomoaCollegeofCivilEngineering,HunanUniversity,Changsha,ChinabEduardoTorrojaInstitute(CSIC),c/SerranoGalvaches/n,28033Madrid,SpainarticleinfoabstractArticlehistory:Preparationofthisarticleentailedauthorsanalyzingthecontentsofquiteanumberofpapers,althou

3、ghtheReceived14March2011mainobjectivewasnevertoreviewthestateoftheartofnewcements.RatherauthorsintendtodiscusswhyAccepted25March2011theybelievealkalineactivatedcementcanbepositionedattheepicentreofanewandnecessarytransitionfromtoday'sPortlandcementtothenewcemen

4、tsofthefuture.AbriefhistoryofalkalinecementsservesasanKeywords:introductiontothetechnologyitself.Theinterestrousedaroundcalciumsulfoaluminate-basedcementsisAlkaliactivatedcements(A)alsoreviewed,albeitsummarily.Thegreaterpartofthearticlefocuses,however,onalkalin

5、ecementswhichMicrostructure(B)GelN–A–S–H(C)areclassifiedintofivecategories.Thefundamentalchemicalandstructuralcharacteristicsofaluminosilicate-GelC–S–H(D)basedalkalinecementsarealsodescribed,andthekeyadvancesmadeintheunderstandingofsyntheticgelsHybridcementsaredi

6、scussed.Thepaperultimatelyfindshybridcementstobetechnologicallyviablematerialsforcontemporaryconstruction.©2011ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.Contents1.Introduction..............................................................7502.Portlandcement:thedebatearoundah

7、istoricmaterial.........................................7513.Calciumsulfoaluminatecements....................................................7514.Alkalinecementsasanalternativeinthetransition...........................................7524.1.Classificationandchar

8、acteristicsofalkali-activatedcements....................................7524.1.1.Alkali-activatedslag-basedcements...........................................7524.1.2.Alkali-