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1、VOLUME71,NUMBER20PHYSICALREVIEWLETTERS15NOVEMBER1993MultidimensionalSolitonsinQuadraticNonlinearMediaK.HayataandM.KoshibaDepartmentofElectronicEngineeringH,okkaidoUnitersity,Sapporo060,Japan(Received21June1993)Anewtypeofopticalsolitonispresentedfortwo-waveinteractionsinquadratic
2、nonlinearmedia.Un-liketheconventionalsolitonincubicnonlinearmedia,themostuniquefeatureofthepresentsolitonsisfoundinthefeasibilityofmultidimensionalconfinement.Acompactanalyticalexpressionforthenewsolitonswitharbitrarytransversedimensionisderivedthroughtheself-consistent-fieldapp
3、roximation.Withavailablenonlinearmaterialsinmind,aspecificmethodforobservingthemultidimensionalsolitonsisinvestigated.PACSnumbers:42.50.Rh,02.60.Lj,42.60.3f,42.65.JxTheconceptofsolitonshasnowbecomeubiquitousinmensionalconfinementforalltransverseaxes.Thiscouldmodernsciences,andin
4、deedcanbefoundinvariousresultalsoinastablelight-bulletformation,whichhasbranchesofphysics[I].Inoptics,theformation,propa-beenimpossibleforpulsedbeamspropagatinginacubicgation,anddetectionofsolitonsareoftopicalinterest,nonlinearmediumbecauseofitssupercriticalinstabilitynotonlyint
5、heircuriousphenomenologybutindiverse[5,10].Acompactanalyticalexpressionforthenewsoli-potentialapplicationstolong-haulcommunicationandul-tonswitharbitrarytransversedimensionisderivedwithtrafastsignal-routingsystems[2].Algebraically,thesetheaidofself-consistent-field(Hartree-like)
6、approxima-opticalsolitonsareaparticularsolutionofthe(1+1)-tion.Withavailablenonlinearopticalmaterialsinmind,dimensionalnonlinearSchrodingerequation(NLSE)aspecificmethodforobservingthemultidimensionalsoli-withcubic(third-order:g)nonlinearity.Herethetonsispresented.Itisfoundthatth
7、eintensitythresholdsymbol(D+I)indicatestheD-dimensionalconfinementcanbeloweredoptionallybytuningthetemperature.(D=1,2,3)forthetransverseaxeswithasinglelongitu-Weconsideraphase-matchedtraveling-waveconfig-dinal(propagation)axis.Asiswellknown,thereexisturationofopticalwavemixingbe
8、tweenthefundamentaltwokindsofsolitonsinthe(1+1)
