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1、ISIJInternational,Vol.41(2001),No.6,pp.612–625ReviewHistoryofPowerPlantsandProgressinHeatResistantSteelsFujimitsuMASUYAMANagasakiResearchandDevelopmentCenter,MitsubishiHeavyIndustries,Ltd.,Fukahori-machi,Nagasaki851-0392Japan.(ReceivedonNovember14,2000;acceptedinfinalfo
2、rmonDecember22,2000)Duringthelastfiftyyearssteampressureandtemperatureinfossil-firedpowerplantshavebeencontinu-ouslyraisedtoimprovethermalefficiency.Recenteffortsforraisingsteamconditionsareinresponsetothesocialdemandforenvironmentalprotectionaswellasenergyconservationcon
3、cerns.Todaythesteamtemperatureof600°Cformodernpowerplantsequippedwithswingloadorslidingpressuredemandfunc-tionshasalreadybeenrealized,andagoalforthefutureisthe630°Cto650°Cclasswithferriticsteels.Howeverthe600°Cto630°Cclassispossibleforcurrentconstruction,basedonalready
4、developedmateri-alsthatincludeferriticsteelsforpipeworkandrotors.Numerousstudiesonheatresistantsteelsactivelyconductedsincetheearly1970shaveallowedgreatprogressinboth9–12%Crsteelsandausteniticsteels.Thispaperpresentsahistoricalviewofdevelopmentsinsteampressureandtemper
5、atureoffossil-firedpowerplantsandalloydesignforheatresistantsteelsinthe20thcentury,particularlyoverthelastseveraldecades,aswellasasurveyofthecurrentstatusofsteeldevelopmentforpowerplants,mainlywithre-gardtocreepstrengtheningandenhancementofcorrosionresistance.KEYWORDS:p
6、owerplant;boiler;turbine;heatresistantsteel;alloydesign;ferrite;austenite;creepstrength.ducingexhaustheatlosses,whicharemainlythroughthe1.IntroductioncondensersforcoolingturbineexhaustandthecoolingofEnergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionareboilerexhaust.Heattrans
7、ferlosses,however,canbere-regardedworldwideashighlyimportantissues.Powerplantducedbyraisingthepressureandtemperatureofthesteam,designhassoughtlowerfuelcostsandCO2emissionsbuttheextenttowhichthiscanbedoneisgreatlyinflu-throughfurtherimprovementsinefficiencybyelevatingence
8、dbythematerialsused.1)steamconditionstoevenhigherrangesofpressureandtem-Figure1showshowsteampressuresandtemperaturesp
