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1、SolarEnergy78(2005)301–311www.elsevier.com/locate/solenerControlconceptsfordirectsteamgenerationinparabolictroughsa,*abLoretoValenzuela,EduardoZarza,ManuelBerenguel,cEduardoF.CamachoaCIEMAT,PlataformaSolardeAlmerıa,P.O.Box22,Tabernas(Almerıa)E04200
2、,SpainbDepartmentodeLenguajesyComputacion,EscuelaPolitecnicaSuperior,UniversidaddeAlmerıa,Crta.Sacramentos/n,AlmerıaE04120,SpaincDepartmentodeIngenierıadeSistemasyAutomatica,EscuelaSuperiordeIngenieros,UniversidaddeSevilla,CaminodelosDescubrimi
3、entos,s/n,SevillaE41092,SpainReceived21July2003;receivedinrevisedform14May2004;accepted17May2004Availableonline15June2004Communicatedby:AssociateEditorDavidMillsAbstractAnewprototypeparabolic-troughcollectorsystemwaserectedatthePlataformaSolardeAlmer
4、ıa(PSA)(1996–1998)toinvestigatedirectsteamgeneration(DSG)inasolarthermalpowerplantunderrealsolarconditions.Thesystemhasbeenunderevaluationforefficiency,cost,controlandotherparameterssince1999.Themainobjectiveofthecontrolsystemistoobtainsteamatconstant
5、temperatureandpressureatthesolarfieldoutlet,sothatchangesininletwaterconditionsand/orinsolarradiationaffecttheamountofsteam,butnotitsqualityorthenominalplantefficiency.Thispaperpresentscontrolschemesdesignedandtestedfortwooperatingmodes,‘‘Recirculation’’
6、,forwhichaproportional-integral-derivative(PI/PID)controlfunctionsschemehasbeenimplemented,and‘‘Once-through’’,requiringmorecomplexcontrolstrategies,forwhichtheschemeisbasedonproportional-integral(PI),feedforwardandcascadecontrol.Experimentalresultso
7、fbothoperationmodesarediscussed.Ó2004ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Directsteamgeneration;Parabolictroughs;Feedforwardcontrol;PIcontrol1.Introductionradiation,isnotcontrollable,themaincontrolvariableisthetemperatureoftheoilattheoutletofthesol
8、arForthelast20years,aconsiderableefforthasbeenfield,andthevariablecontrolledistheoilmassflowatexertedinthecontrolofsolarthermalpowerplantswiththefieldinlet.Thedynamicsofthesesystemsarenon-distributedparabolic-troughcollectorfields(Camacholinearandaffectedb
