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1、MaterialsScienceandEngineeringA404(2005)918Gradedopen-cellaluminiumfoamcoresandwichbeamsArnaudPolliena,YvesCondea,LaurentPambaguianb,AndreasMortensena,∗aEcolePolytechniqueF´ed´eraledeLausanne(EPFL),LaboratoryforMechanicalMetallurgy,InstitutDesMat´eriaux,Station12,MX-D141,CH-1
2、015Lausanne,SwitzerlandbEuropeanSpaceAgencyESA-ESTEC,MaterialMechanicsandProcessesSection,Keplerlaan1,P.O.Box299,NL-2200AGNoordwijkZH,TheNetherlandsReceivedinrevisedform1April2005;accepted1May2005AbstractWeshowthatthereplicationprocesscanbeextendedtowardstheproductionoffuncti
3、onallygradedporousstructuresbyfabricatingandtestingstructuresinwhichouterlayersofdensemetalencaseacentralpartmadeoffoamwithgradedporosity.SamplesofthiskindareproducedbypressingindividuallayersofNaClpowderofgranulometry6090m,andthenstackingtheselayersbetweentwoskinsofdensealu
4、minium.Thestackedpreformsaretheninfiltratedwithpurealuminiumandsolidifiedbeforedissolutionofthesaltinwater.SpecimenscontaininguptofivelayersofporousAlofdifferentdensitybetweentwodenseouterskinsofpureAlareproduced;selectedsamplesaretestedinthree-pointbending.Datashowgoodagreement
5、withanalysisbasedonsandwichbeamtheoryandtheDeshpandeFleckyieldcriterion.Resultsofthisworkindicatethatwhereaslightweightgradedmetal/metalfoambeamsshowlittlepromisefromthestandpointofstiffness-limiteddesign,theymaybeofinterestfromthestandpointofload-limiteddesign.©2005ElsevierB
6、.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Aluminium;Foam;Replication;Sandwich;Bending;Yield1.Introductionsive(e.g.,[10,14,17])orbycastingthemetalaroundthefoam(e.g.,[23,24]).WiththeexceptionofworkrecentlyreportedThereiscurrentlymuchinterestinmetalfoamsinlargeinRef.[21],closed-porefoamcore
7、sofhomogeneousdensitypartbecausesuchmaterialsarenowcommerciallyavail-havealwaysbeenusedinsandwichbeamstestedformechan-able[15].Targetstructuralapplicationsincludecomponentsicalproperties[13,17,2527].formechanicalenergyabsorption[68]andmoregenerallyPorousmaterialsarefrequentin
8、nature;woodandbonearelight-weightstructuralelements,suchassandwichst
