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1、THECORROSIONOFSTEEL,ANDITSMONITORING,INCONCRETEINTRODUCTIONThisGuidedescribes:(a)thecircumstancesinwhichsteelreinforcementinconcretecancorrode,and(b)methodsofrevealingwhethercorrosionisoccurringand,ifso,atwhatrate.WHYSTEELINUSEDCONCRETEConcreteisacomplexmaterialofconstructionthate
2、nablesthehighcompressivestrengthofnaturalstonetobeusedinanyconfiguration.Thisisaccomplishedbybreakingnaturalstonetosuitablesizesandmixingtheaggregatessoformedwithsuitableproportionsofwaterandcement.Thismixturecanthenbemouldedintoanyrequiredshapewhilestillfluid.Thewaterandcementrea
3、ctchemically,forminga“glue”thatbondsthepiecesofstoneaggregatetogetherintoastructuralmember,whichbecomesrigidandstrongincompressionwhenthechemicalreactioniscompleted(i.e.theconcreteis“cured”).Intension,however,concretecanbenostrongerthanthebondbetweenthecuredcementandthesurfacesoft
4、heaggregate.Thisisgenerallymuchlowerthanthecompressivestrengthoftheconcrete.Moststructuresaresubjectedtoloadingsthatcreatebendingmoments,producingbothcompressionandtensionstresseswithinthestructure.Sinceconcreteiscomparativelyweakintension,arrangementshavetobemadeforthetensilestre
5、ssesinthestructuretobetransferredtoanothermaterialthatisstrongintension.Concreteisthereforefrequentlyreinforced,usuallywithsteel,butoccasionallywithglassfibresorpolymerfilaments.Steelcanbeusedforsuchreinforcementinoneoftwoways.Whenasystemofsteelbarsorasteelmeshisincorporatedinthec
6、oncretestructureinsuchawaythatthesteelcansupportmostofthetensilestressesandleavetheimmediatelysurroundingconcretecomparativelyfreeoftensilestress,thenthecomplexisknownas“reinforcedconcrete”.Whenthesteelintroducedisinitiallytensionedinsuchamannerthatitappliesacompressivestresstothe
7、surroundinghardenedconcretesuchthatnosubsequentloadingappliedtothestructureputsthatconcreteintotension,thenthecomplexisknownas“prestressedconcrete”.Thesteelintroducedintoconcretecanoccasionallyservebothofthesefunctions.CONCRETEASANENVIRONMENTFORSTEELTheroleofalkalinityItiswellknow
8、nthatifbrightsteelisleftunprotect
