资源描述:
《古港古村介绍ok(中英)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、黄埔古港古村简介AbriefIntroductionof(to)AncientHuangpuPortandVillage黄埔村位于海珠区东部,与黄埔区长洲隔江相望,总面积60公顷,现户籍人口3580人,总户数1177户。村里现有梁、冯、胡、罗等主姓及关、黄、卫、陈等姓氏。黄埔村又名凤浦、凰洲。早在北宋时期已聚居成村,至南宋时期,黄埔古港已是“海舶所集之地”。清康熙二十四年(1685),清政府设立江、浙、粤、闽四大海关,次年粤海关在黄埔村设黄埔挂号口(即粤海关的检查站),征收关税。并明文规定“凡载洋货入口外国商船,不得沿江湾泊,必须下锚黄埔,并不得在别地秘密将商品销买”。1757年,清政
2、府独留粤海关“一口通商”,广州成为当时唯一的对外贸易口岸,在对外贸易史上有举足轻重的作用。据统计,1758-1838年的80年间就有5107艘外国船只在这里停泊,黄埔古港实际为贸易全球化提供了一个平台。当时,从对外贸易出口总值来看,黄埔古港也占有绝对优势。以1871年为例,广东外贸出口总值为2348万元,占全国的60%,而通过黄埔古港出口的就有1971万元,占广东外贸出口总值的80%以上;这也就是说,当时接近一半的全国外贸出口总值是通过黄埔古港实现的。黄埔古港最兴旺时,同时锚泊的外国商船曾达6个国家的86艘之多。十三行到黄埔村一带江面帆影绰绰,往来穿梭,十分壮观,连外国人都惊叹说:“珠
3、江上船舶运行忙碌的情景,就像伦敦桥下的泰晤士河,不同的是,这里还有大帆船,在外国人眼里没有比排列在这长达几里的帆船更为壮观的了。”黄埔古港不仅仅是广州的黄埔古港,而是中国的黄埔古港,世界的黄埔古港。HuangpuVillageislocatedintheeastofHaizhuDistrict,facingChangzhouinHuangpuDistrictacrosstheriver.Withatotalareaof60ha.,thevillagecurrentlyhas3,580permanentresidentsand1,177households.Themostcommonsu
4、rnamesinthevillageareLiang,Feng,Hu,Luo,Guan,Huang,WeiandChen.HuangpuVillageisalsoknownasFengpuandHuangzhou.IttookshapeduringtheNorthernSong.TheancientHuangpuPorthadbecome“aplacewhereshipsconverge”duringtheSouthernSong.Inthe24thyearduringtheKangxiReignofQingDynasty(1685),fourcustomshouseswereesta
5、blishedinJiangxi,Zhejiang,GuangdongandFujianrespectively.In1686,theYue(Guangdong)CustomsHousesetuparegistrationoffice(namely,thecheckpointforGuangdongCustomsHouse)tocollecttariffsandstipulatedinexplicittermsthat“foreignmerchantshipswithimportedgoodswerenotpermittedtobeberthedalongtheriverandwere
6、requiredtoanchoratHuangpuaswellaswerenotallowedtotradesecretlyintheotherplaces”.In1757,theQinggovernmentretainedGuangdongCustomsHouseonlyfortheCantonSystemsothatGuangzhoubecametheonlyforeigntradeportinChinathenandplayedadecisiveroleinthehistoryofforeigntrade.Accordingto3statistics,duringthe80yea
7、rsfrom1758to1838,altogether5,107foreignshipswereanchoredattheancientHuangpuPort,providingaplatformfortradeglobalization.Fromthepointofviewofthethengrossforeigntradevalue,theporthadanabsoluteadvantage.Taketheyear1871asanexamp