Modeling Trees with a Space Colonization Algorithm (1)

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1、EurographicsWorkshoponNaturalPhenomena(2007)D.Ebert,S.Mérillou(Editors)ModelingTreeswithaSpaceColonizationAlgorithmAdamRunions,BrendanLane,andPrzemyslawPrusinkiewiczDepartmentofComputerScience,UniversityofCalgary,CanadaAbstractWeextendtheopenleafvenati

2、onmodelbyRunionsetal.[RFL05]tothreedimensionsandshowthatitgener-atessurprisinglyrealistictreestructures.Modelparameterscorrespondtovisuallyrelevanttreecharacteristicsidentifiedinlandscaping,offeringconvenientcontroloftreeshapeandstructure.Keywords:visu

3、alrealism,proceduralmodeling,generativetreemodeling,modelcontrol1.Introductiontheinitialbudarrangement.Second,therearesignificantdif-ferencesbetweenbranchesintheirgrowthanddevelopment:Visualmodelingoftreearchitecturebeganwiththeworksometwigsbecomemajorl

4、imbs,whileothersremainsmallofHonda[Hon71].Heproposedmodelingtreesasrecur-orareshed.Third,theinitialdirectionsofbranchgrowth,sivebranchingstructurescharacterizedbyasmallnum-determinedbybudarrangementandbranchingangles,areberofgeometricattributes:branchi

5、nganglesandlengthra-significantlymodifiedbybranchreorientation,tropisms,andtiosofconsecutivebranchsegments(internodes).Theba-mechanicalbending.sictenetofHonda’sapproach—treatingatreeasarecur-sivebranchingstructure—underliesmostgenerativetreeThesephenomen

6、ahavebeenconsideredinplantmodelsmodelsproposedtodate.EarlyexamplesincludeadirectconstructedforbiologicalandcomputergraphicspurposesadaptationofHonda’smodeltocomputergraphics[AK84]alike.Astatisticaldescriptionofthefatesofbudsistheandtreemodelsproposedby

7、Bloomenthal[Blo85]andcornerstoneofthemodelsofdeReffyeetal.[dREF88].Oppenheimer[Opp86].ReevesandBlau[RB85],WeberAcombinationofastatisticalandhormone-drivencon-andPenn[WP96],LintermannandDeussen[LD99],andtrolofthefateofbudswasincorporatedintotopiaryPrus

8、inkiewiczetal.[PMKL01]improvedthevisualrealismtreemodelsbyPrusinkiewiczetal.[PJM94].Competitionofrecursivetreemodelsbyintroducingrandomandorga-forlightwasusedtocontrolbudfateandbranchshed-nizedvariationofparametervaluesasafunctionofposi