20150104regulation of gene-pdf

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1、李迺昶DrNaichangLiMSc.MD.PhD.DepartmentofBiochemistry&molecularbiology目录1.IntroductionandBiomedicalimportance2.RegulationofProkaryoticGeneExpression3.Specialfeaturesareinvolvedinregulationofeukaryoticgenetranscription4.Generegulationinprokaryotesandeukaryotesdiffersinimportantres

2、pects目录1.Introduction(1)Gene:is"alocatableregionofgenomicsequence,correspondingtoaunitofinheritance,whichisassociatedwithregulatoryregions,transcribedregions,andorotherfunctionalsequenceregions".(2)Geneexpression:TheprocessofproducingabiologicallyfunctionalmoleculeofeitherRNAo

3、rproteiniscalledgeneexpression.Gene:25000(3)RegulationofGeneexpression?目录Regulationofgeneexpressionalabelforthecellularprocessesthatcontroltherateandmannerofgeneexpression.Acomplexsetofinteractionsbetweengenes,RNAmolecules,proteins(transcriptionfactors)andothercomponentsofthee

4、xpressionsystemdeterminewhenandwherespecificgenesareactivatedandtheamountofproteinorRNAproductproduced.forexampletotriggerdevelopmentalpathways,respondtoenvironmentalstimuli,oradapttonewfoodsources.目录BiomedicalimportanceRegulatedexpressionofgenesisrequiredfordevelopment,differ

5、entiation,andadaptation维持细胞分化和个体发育适应环境、维持生长和增殖目录EffectsofPositiveandNegativeRegulationonGeneExpressionRateofGeneRepressorActivator目录BiologicSystemsExhibitThreeTypesOfTemporalResponsesToARegulatorySignaltypeAresponsetypeBresponsetypeCresponse目录typeAresponse：dependentuponthecont

6、inuedpresenceoftheinducingsignal.依赖诱导信号typeBresponse：transienteveninthecontinuedpresenceoftheregulatorysignal.typeCresponse：Thesignalactsasatrigger.目录Principlesofgeneregulation•Theexpressionofgenesisregulatedbyprocessesthataffecttheratesatwhichgeneproductsaresynthesizedanddegr

7、aded.Initiationoftranscriptionisacrucialregulationpointforbothprokaryoticandeukaryoticgeneexpression.呈现多层次和复杂性，转录起始是关键点●Transcriptioncontrolsoperateatthelevelofprotein-DNAandprotein-proteininteractions.目录1.SynthesisoftheprimaryRNAtranscript(transcription)2.Posttranscriptionalm

8、odificationofmRNA3.MessengerRNAdegradation4.Proteinsynthesis(