175021-question-paper-unit-f584-01-transport-economics

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1、Tuesday11June2013–MorningA2GCEECONOMICSF584/01TransportEconomics*F530110613*CandidatesanswerontheQuestionPaper.OCRsuppliedmaterials:Duration:2hoursNoneOthermaterialsrequired:•Calculatorsmaybeused*F58401*INSTRUCTIONSTOCANDIDATES•Writeyourname,centrenumberandcandidatenumberinth

2、eboxesabove.Pleasewriteclearlyandincapitalletters.•Useblackink.HBpencilmaybeusedforgraphsanddiagramsonly.•AnswerSectionAandonequestionfromSectionB.•Readeachquestioncarefully.Makesureyouknowwhatyouhavetodobeforestartingyouranswer.•Writeyouranswertoeachquestioninthespaceprovide

3、d.Ifadditionalspaceisrequired,youshouldusethelinedpagesattheendofthebooklet.Thequestionnumber(s)mustbeclearlyshown.•Donotwriteinthebarcodes.INFORMATIONFORCANDIDATES•Thenumberofmarksisgiveninbrackets[]attheendofeachquestionorpartquestion.•Thetotalnumberofmarksforthispaperis60.

4、•ThequalityofyourwrittencommunicationwillbetakenintoaccountinthemarkingofyouranswertoSectionB.•Thisdocumentconsistsof20pages.Anyblankpagesareindicated.Acalculatormaybeusedforthispaper©OCR2013[A/500/7919]OCRisanexemptCharityDC(NF/JG)58396/6Turnover2ChangesintheUKbusmarketTheUK

5、busindustryhasundergoneradicalchangeinthepast30years.Formuchofthe20thcentury,theindustrywasheavilyregulatedwithmostlocalbusservicesprovidedinthepublicsectorbylocalcouncils.Thisallchangedinthemid1980swhenlocalbusserviceswerederegulated.Thispolicy,whichsawtheremovalofmanybarrie

6、rstoentry,resultedinsignificantgrowthoftheprivatesectorwithmanynew,privatelyownedbuscompaniessettingupacross5thecountry.Whilstthismarkedasignificantdeparturefromwhathadpreviouslybeenthecaseintheindustry,withnewlyemergingprivatefirmsaimingtomaximiseprofits,thegovernmentstillco

7、ntinuestoplayaroleintheindustry.Governmentsupportcantakedifferentformswhichincludegrantsandsupportforinnovativetransportschemesandalsofuelsubsidieswhichare10paidtooperatorsoflocalservices(the‘BusServiceOperators’Grant’),seeFig.1.350300250England(excluding£m200London)150London

8、1005001996–972003–042009–10yearFig.1–EstimatedBusServiceOperators’Gr