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1、CHAPTER23T.Melodia,H.Kulhandjian,L.Kuo,andE.Demirors,AdvancesinUnderwaterAcousticNetworking.InMobileAdHocNetworking:CuttingEdgeDirections,Eds.S.Basagni,M.Conti,S.GiordanoandI.Stojmenovic,JohnWileyandSons,Inc.,Hoboken,NJ,2013.ADVANCESINUNDERWATERACOUSTICNETWORKINGTommasoMelodi
2、a,HovannesKulhandjian,Li-ChungKuo,Emre-canDemirorsStateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffaloThefieldofunderwateracousticnetworkingisgrowingrapidlythankstothekeyroleitplaysinmanymilitaryandcommercialapplications.Amongthesearedisasterpreven-tion,tacticalsurveillance,offshoreexploration,po
3、llutionmonitoringandoceanographicdatacollection.Theunderwateracousticpropagationchannelpresentsformidablechal-lenges,includingslowpropagationofacousticwaves,limitedbandwidth,highandvari-ablepropagationdelay.Furthermore,itisaffectedbyfading,Dopplerspreadandmultipathpropagation
4、.Therefore,efficientprotocoldesigntailoredforunderwateracousticsensornetworksentailsmanychallengesacrossdifferentlayersofthenetworkingprotocolstack.Theobjectiveofthischapteristoprovideanoverviewoftherecentadvancesinunderwateracousticcommunicationandnetworking.Webrieflydescribet
5、hetypicalcommunicationarchitectureofanunderwaternetworkfollowedbyadiscussiononthebasicsonunder-wateracousticpropagationandthestateoftheartinacousticcommunicationtechniquesatthephysicallayer.Wethenpresentanoverviewoftherecentadvancesinprotocolde-signatthemediumaccesscontroland
6、networklayersaswellasincross-layerdesign.Finally,weprovideadetaileddiscussionoftheexistingunderwateracousticplatformsforexperimentalevaluationofunderwateracousticnetworks.BookTitle,FirstEdition.ByTommasoMelodia3Copyrightc2012JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.4ADVANCESINUNDERWATERACOUSTICNET
7、WORKING23.1INTRODUCTIONIthasbeenarguedthattherecentdisastrousspillthatfollowedtheoil-rigexplo-sionintheGulfofMexicointheSummerof2010couldhavebeenpreventedbyacousticsensing/actuatingsystems(recentlymandatedforexamplebyNorwayandBrazil)thatcanbetriggeredbyacousticcontrolsignals.
8、Thisexampleisonlyoneofmanydemonstratingtheimportanceofunderwateracou
