英国文学史期末复习笔记

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1、英美文学史期末复习笔记英国美国1.伊丽莎白时期的文学1.殖民地时期文学2.17世纪和18世纪的文学2.浪漫主义文学3.浪漫主义时期3.现实主义文学4.维多利亚时期4.自然主义文学5.20世纪的小说与诗歌5.20世纪20年代的诗歌与小说6.二战后的诗歌6.二战后的诗歌与小说7.二战后的小说7.美国戏剧梳理8.少数族裔文学1.DefinitionofepicAnepicisalongnarrativepoem.2.GeoffreyChaucer(1340-1400)杰弗里。乔叟thefatherofEnglishpoetr

2、y(literature)英国文学之父theheroiccouplet英雄双韵体：averseunitconsistingoftworhymed(押韵)linesiniambicpentameter(五步抑扬格)AABBCCDDEE代表作:TheCanterburyTales坎特伯雷的故事（英国文学史的开端）文艺复兴时期TheRenaissance(1500-1660)1.thedefinitionofRenaissanceRenaissancefirstroseinItalyinthe14thcenturyandca

3、metoafloweringinthe15thandtheninthe16thcenturyitspreadtoothercountries,notablyFranceandthencetoGermanyandEnglandandSpainandtheothercountries.核心：humanism：admirehumanbeautyandhumanachievement.文艺复兴三杰：达芬奇，米开朗琪罗，拉斐尔2.WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)Heisactor,playwright;

4、totally37playsFourgreattragedies:Hamlet(哈姆雷特)Othello(奥赛罗)KingLear(李尔王)Macbeth(麦克白)Fourgreatcomedies:TheMerchantofVenice《威尼斯商人》AMidsummerNight’sDream《仲夏夜之梦》AsYouLikeIt《皆大欢喜》Twelfthnight《第十二夜》BenJohsondedicatedapoeminpraiseofhim:“…Souloftheage.Hewasnotofanage,butf

5、oralltime”.3.Sonnet(十四行诗）Sonnetisalyricpoemcomprising14rhyminglinesofequallength:iambic(抑扬格的)pentameters（五步格诗）inEnglish.TheEnglishsonnet(alsocalledtheShakespearensonnetafteritsforemostpractitinoner)comprisesthreequatrains(四行诗)andafinalcouplet（对句），rhymingababcdcd

6、efef.AnimportantvariantofthisistheSpenseriansonnet(introducedbyElizabethanpoetEdmundSpenser),whichlinksthethreequatrainsbyrhyme,inthesequenceababbabccdcdee.Ineitherform,theturncomeswiththefinalcouplet,whichmaysometimesachievetheneatnessofanepigram.1.metaphysical

7、poetry(玄学派诗歌）Theterm“metaphysicalpoetry”iscommonlyusedtonametheworkofthe17thcenturywriterswhowroteundertheinfluenceofJohnDonne.MetaphysicalpoetstriedtobreakawayfromtheconventionalfashionoftheElizabethanlovepoetry.Thenamegiventoadiversegroupof17th-centuryEnglishp

8、oetswhoseworkisnotableforitsingenious(精致的)useofintellectualandtheologicalconceptsinsurprisingconceits(幻想),strangeparadoxes,andfar-reachingimagery,argumentativeabruptn