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1、英语常用前后缀I.前缀:一.否定前缀1.a-/an-:no,without,lackanonymous匿名的amoral非道德性的astable不稳定的asocial不好社交的anharmonic不和谐的asexual无性别的atypical非典型的amateur不熟练的,业余的asymptomatic无征兆的2.ab-:oppositeabnormal不正常的abuse滥用3.anti-:opposite,againstantipathy反感antifreeze防冻antiwar反战的antibody抗体ant
2、igen抗原antiseptic防腐的antidepressant抗抑郁的antiaging防衰老的antipathy反感,厌恶4.counter-/countra-:against,oppositecountercharge反控counteract抵抗,抵消contrast对照counterrevolutionary反动的countermeasure对策,应策countercurrent逆流counterattack反击controversial可能引起争议的contra-missile反导弹contrapos
3、ition对照,针对contraclockwise逆时针方向地contradict反驳contradiction矛盾5.de-:thereverse,oppositeofdecolour使褪色decrease减少de-ice除冰defrost除霜deplane下飞机dethrone使离王位devalue贬值demilitarize非军事化deforest砍伐森林derail使(火车)脱轨desalt除去盐份decontrol取消管制depopulation人口减少denationalize非国有化6.dis-:n
4、o,not,withoutdislike不喜欢disagree不同意discontinue中断disorder混乱disbelieve不信dishonest不诚实的disappear消失dispraise贬损,非难disability无能无力disremember忘记discomfort不舒服disadvantage缺点dissatisfieddisobeydiscomfortdisableddiscouragediscoverdiseasedisappointed7.dys-:bad,withproblem不良
5、、恶、困难dysfunction(医)机能失调,功能紊乱dyspathy反感dysopsy弱视dysphonia发音困难dyspepsia消化不良dysgenesis生殖力不良8.il-(用在l之前)/ir-(用在r之前):no,not,withoutillegal非法的illogical不合逻辑的illiterate文盲illimitable无限的illocal不只一处的,无所不在的illiberal吝啬的,粗鄙的irregular不规则的irresistible不可抵抗irrelevant不相关irrelat
6、ive无关系的irremovable无法移动的irrational无理性的irresolute犹豫不决的irreconcilable不能调和的irrecoverable无法挽回,不能治愈的irreligious漠视宗教的,不虔诚的irreversible不可逆的,不能更改的9.im-(用在b,p,m之前):no,not,withoutimpossible不可能的impure不纯的imperfect不完美的immoral不道德的impolite无礼的impersonal非个人的imbalanced不平衡的immor
7、tal不死的,不朽的immatureimpatient10.in-:no,not,withoutinglorious不光彩的,不名誉的incapable无能力的inhuman野蛮的,不人道的incomplete不完全的incorrect错误的injustice不公正的insensible无知觉的informal非正式的incomparable无以伦比的inactive不活跃的indirect不直接的inefficient无效率的indestructible不可毁灭的infertile不肥沃,不能生育的inadeq
8、uate不充分的,不够格的incurable不可治愈,无可救药的insufficient不充分的insincere不诚恳的indefiniteindependentinexactinexpensiveinfrequentinoffensiveinsensitive11.ill-:wrong,badill-timed不合时宜的ill-treat虐待12.mal-:wrong