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1、外刊时文--Newfilm:"12YearsASlave"新片上映:《为奴十二年》 Newfilm:"12YearsASlave" 新片上映:《为奴十二年》Jan9th2014/theEconomistEARLYinSteveMcQueen’s“12YearsASlave”,aLouisianaplantation-ownerreturnshomewiththetwoslaveshe’sjustbought,amanandawoman.Waitingontheveranda,hisgenteelwifenoticesthatthewoma
2、niscrying,andaskswhy.“Separatedfromherchildren,” sighs thehusband,notunsympathetically.“Can’tbehelped.”在史蒂夫•麦奎因执导的电影《为奴十二年》开头,有位路易斯安那的种植园主带着他刚买的一男一女两个黑奴回家。他温文尔雅的妻子等在阳台上,看到那个女奴在哭泣,就问为什么。“她和孩子分开了,”做丈夫的叹了口气,不无同情地说,“没办法。”ThoselastthreewordsarethekeytoMrMcQueen’s devastating fi
3、lm,inthatthey,likesomanyother sequences, present slaveryasthe norm:long-established,legaland legitimized byscripture.Toitsmid-19th-centurycharacters,there’snothingunusualaboutkeepinghumanbeingsasproperty,andnowaythatthe institution canbechanged.Inthe preceding scene,ajovia
4、lslave-trader(PaulGiamatti)isshowingcustomershiswares.“Thisisanigger ofconsiderabletalent,”heremarks,butthere’snothinginthewaythelineisspokentosuggestthatanyoneintheshopmightbeshocked.Thetraderseeshisterrified,naked merchandise asnodifferentfromanyothercommodity.这三个字成为麦奎因这
5、部令人震惊的电影的关键词,像许多镜头表现的那样,人们把奴隶制视为常态:由来已久、合乎法律、天经地义。对于本片19世纪中期的角色来说,把人作为财产是很平常的事,没有办法改变这种制度。在前面的场景中,有个快活的奴隶贩子(保罗•吉亚玛提饰演)向主顾展示他的货品。他说,“这是个很有才华的黑鬼,”可是这里没有台词暗示店里的人可能受到惊吓。在奴隶贩子看来,赤裸受惊的黑奴和其他货色没什么不同。Inanotherastonishingscene,thehero,SolomonNorthup(ChiwetelEjiofor,pictured),ishange
6、dfromatreebyanoose.Foranagonizinglylongtime,he gulpsforair,hisfeetonlyjusttouchingthemuddyground.ButMr.McQueendoesn’tratchetupthe tension withdramaticmusicorexploitativeclose-ups.Hesimplyletsthe ordeal carryonandon,whileinthebackground,servants goabouttheirbusiness andchil
7、drenplay.It’snotuntilthefilmisalmostoverthataCanadianlaborerarticulatesthe notion thatslaverymightbewrong.Inthemeantime,evenNorthupacceptsthatit’safactoflife.Hisonlycomplaintisthatitshouldn’tbeafactofhislife.在另一幕惊人的场景中,主人公所罗门•诺瑟普(切瓦特•埃加福特饰演,如图)被绞索吊在树上。在令人痛苦的漫长折磨中,他大口喘着粗气,脚
8、尖刚刚碰到泥泞的地面。但是麦奎因并没有用激动人心的音乐或突出的特写镜头加剧紧张的气氛。他只是让这种残酷的折磨继续下去,在镜头的背景中,仆人干着自己的活儿,孩子们嬉戏玩耍。这种情形