吴伟仁的英国文学史及选读

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1、HistoryandAnthologyofEnglishLiteraturePartOneTheAnglo-SaxonPeriodBeowulfQuestions:1.Theearliestliteraturefallsintotwodivisions___________,and_______________.2.ChristianitybringsEnglandnotonly__________and___________butalsothewealthofanewlanguage.3.WhoisBeowulf?AndWhatisBeowulf?4.HowdidBeowulfcom

2、eintobeing?5.WhoisGrendel?AndwhatistheresultofGrendel’sfightwithBeowulf?6.HowdidtheJutesholdthefuneralforhim?Keypointsofthispart:ThemostimportantworkofoldEnglishliteratureisBeowulf-------thenationalepicoftheEnglishpeople.ItisofGermanicheritage,perhapsthegreatestGermanicepicandcontainsevidentlypr

3、e-Christianelementsexistingatfirstinanoraltradition,thepoemwaspassedfrommouthtomouthforgenerationsbeforeitwaswrittendown.ThemanuscriptpreservedtodaywaswrittenintheWessextongueabout1000A.D.,consistingaltogetherof3183lines.TherearethreeepisodesrelatedtothecareerofBeowulf:1.thefightwiththemonster,G

4、rendel.2.ThefightwithGrendel’smother,astillmorefrightfulshe-monster.3.ThemoralcombatwiththefireDragon.Thesignificanceliesinthevividportrayalofagreatnationalhero,whoisbrave,courageous,selfless,andeverhelpfultohispeople.Therearethreeimportantfeatures::1.Alliteration(wordsbeginningwiththesameconson

5、antsound).ThisischaracteristicofalloldEnglishverse.2.Metaphorsandunderstatements.Therearemanycompoundwordsusedinthepoemtoserveasindirectmetaphorsthataresometimesverypicturesque.,e.g.“riging-giver”isusedforKing;“hearth-companions“forhisattendantwarriors;“Whale’sroad”forthesea;“spear-fighter”forso

6、ldieretc.Andasunderstatementwecansee:“nottroublesome”forwelcome;“neednotpraise”forarighttocondemn.ThisqualityisoftenregardedascharacteristicoftheEnglishpeopleandtheirlanguage.3.MixtureofpaganandChristianelements:theobservingofomen,cremation,blood-revenge,andthepraiseofworldlyglory.Allthesewoveni

7、ntothepoem.PartTwoTheAnglo-NormanPeriod(1066---1350)Questions:1.WhenandledbywhomdidEnglandbegintoreceiveFrenchcivilizationandlanguage?2.Whatarethechieffeaturesoftheliteratureinthisperiod?3.Whatarethethreetypesofthestoriesint