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1、SocialCognitiveandAffectiveNeuroscienceAdvanceAccesspublishedJuly9,2010doi:10.1093/scan/nsq054SCAN(2010)1of8Theneuralbasisofrationalization:cognitivedissonancereductionduringdecision-making1,231,3JohannaM.Jarcho,ElliotT.Berkman,andMatthewD.Lieberman12DepartmentofPsychiatry&BiobehavioralSc
2、iences,CenterforNeurobiologyofStress,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA90025,3andDepartmentofPsychology,UniversityofOregon,Eugene,OR97403,USAPeoplerationalizethechoicestheymakewhenconfrontedwithdifficultdecisionsbyclaimingtheyneverwantedtheoptiontheydidnotchoose.Behavioralstudiesoncogni
3、tivedissonanceprovideevidencefordecision-inducedattitudechange,butthesestudiescannotfullyuncoverthemechanismsdrivingtheattitudechangebecauseonlypre-andpost-decisionattitudesareDownloadedfrommeasured,ratherthantheprocessofchangeitself.InthefirstfMRIstudytoexaminethedecisionphaseinadecision
4、-basedcognitivedissonanceparadigm,weobservedthatincreasedactivityinright-inferiorfrontalgyrus,medialfronto-parietalregionsandventralstriatum,anddecreasedactivityinanteriorinsulawereassociatedwithsubsequentdecision-relatedattitudechange.Thesefindingssuggestthecharacteristicrationalizationp
5、rocessesthatareassociatedwithdecision-makingmaybeengagedveryquicklyatthemomentofthedecision,withoutextendeddeliberationandmayinvolvereappraisal-likeemotionregulationprocesses.scan.oxfordjournals.orgKeywords:cognitivedissonance;rationalization;attitudes;decisions;neuroimaging;rightinferior
6、frontalgyrus;insulaINTRODUCTIONmeasurescanprovideadetailedaccountofmagnitudeandDecision-makingisaubiquitouspartofdailylifeandpeopledirectionofattitudechange,theyshedlesslightonthecog-nitiveandneuralprocessesengagedinproducingthischangeatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesonJuly12,2010oftenm
7、akedifficultchoicesbetweenequallyattractivealter-natives.Yet,thereareunexpectedconsequencesformaking(ElliotandDevine,1994).Moreover,attitudechangeasso-suchdecisions.Afterachoiceismadebetweeninitiallyciatedwithdifficultdecisionsisknownas‘post-decisional’matchedoption
